Legal status in Brunei

Per-substance legal status for Brunei, from sourced statutes where available. Legal information, not legal advice; drug laws change, so confirm with the destination’s embassy or drug authority before you travel.

88 confirmed substances0 not individually verifiedLast updated September 21, 2026

Confirmed legal status

1P-LSD

Legal status: Class of this substance is unsettled on the face of the Act. It is neither named nor plainly outside the nearest entry, "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide" in Part I of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The 1-propionyl group is an acyl substituent, not an alkyl one, so the words of the entry do not plainly reach it.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Everything below turns on whether 1P-LSD falls inside "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide". The 1-propionyl group is an acyl substituent, not an alkyl one, so the words of the entry do not plainly reach it. If it does, the Class A penalties apply and they are these. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. If it does not, no offence under this Act arises at all, because the Part II offences reach only a controlled drug, and the Act supplies no analogue or resemblance clause that would close the gap either way. Death is not available on either reading. If the substance is inside the entry it is a Class A drug, and no Class A column entry anywhere in the Second Schedule is death; it is named in no row of the specified drug column, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. If it is outside the entry, no penalty under this Act arises at all. The listing question therefore changes the term of imprisonment and never the availability of death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: For 1P-LSD this follows the listing question and cannot be settled ahead of it. On the reading that brings it inside the entry, it sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. On the reading that leaves it outside, the Regulations do not govern it at all, because they operate only on controlled drugs. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Because the listing question for 1P-LSD is open, the prudent course is to carry the documents that would be required if it is inside "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide": a regulation 11 prescription in the prescriber's own hand, and the product in its labelled dispensed container. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one. A person who assumes 1P-LSD is outside the Schedule is betting on a reading of the Act that no Brunei court has been shown to have adopted.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the nearest entry, which the substance neither plainly satisfies nor plainly escapes. The entry relied on is at line 1637 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 1P-LSD the reading turned on the entry "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide". · Updated September 21, 2026

1P-LSD in Brunei, full detail →

2-FDCK

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "fluorodeschloroketamine" and "2-FDCK", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 2-FDCK carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 2-FDCK is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "fluorodeschloroketamine" and "2-FDCK" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 2-FDCK. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 2-FDCK under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 2-FDCK the reading turned on the searches "fluorodeschloroketamine" and "2-FDCK". · Updated September 21, 2026

2-FDCK in Brunei, full detail →

25I-NBOMe

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "NBOMe", "25I" and "iodo", and no N-benzyl phenethylamine and no iodinated entry appears.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 25I-NBOMe carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 25I-NBOMe is that no N-benzyl phenethylamine and no iodinated entry appears. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "NBOMe", "25I" and "iodo" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 25I-NBOMe. Neither instrument names it, and no N-benzyl phenethylamine and no iodinated entry appears. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 25I-NBOMe under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No N-benzyl phenethylamine and no iodinated entry appears. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 25I-NBOMe the reading turned on the searches "NBOMe", "25I" and "iodo". · Updated September 21, 2026

25I-NBOMe in Brunei, full detail →

2C-B

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "4-Bromo-2, 5-dimethoxyphenethylamine". The separate entry at 1575 is brolamfetamine and carries 2C-B as an alias in error.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 2C-B is a Class A drug, entered as "4-Bromo-2, 5-dimethoxyphenethylamine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. The separate entry at 1575 is brolamfetamine and carries 2C-B as an alias in error. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: 2C-B is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. The Fourth Schedule reaches Dimethoxybromoamphetamine, which is a different compound. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of 2C-B to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1576 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 2C-B the reading turned on the entry "4-Bromo-2, 5-dimethoxyphenethylamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-B in Brunei, full detail →

2C-E

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "2C-E" and "ethyl-2, 5-dimethoxy", and the nearest entry, DOET at 1614, carries an alpha methyl group that 2C-E does not.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 2C-E carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 2C-E is that the nearest entry, DOET at 1614, carries an alpha methyl group that 2C-E does not. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "2C-E" and "ethyl-2, 5-dimethoxy" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 2C-E. Neither instrument names it, and the nearest entry, DOET at 1614, carries an alpha methyl group that 2C-E does not. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 2C-E under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. The nearest entry, DOET at 1614, carries an alpha methyl group that 2C-E does not. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 2C-E the reading turned on the searches "2C-E" and "ethyl-2, 5-dimethoxy". · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-E in Brunei, full detail →

2C-I

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "2C-I", "iodo-2, 5-dimethoxy" and "iodo", and no iodinated phenethylamine appears in any part.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 2C-I carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 2C-I is that no iodinated phenethylamine appears in any part. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "2C-I", "iodo-2, 5-dimethoxy" and "iodo" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 2C-I. Neither instrument names it, and no iodinated phenethylamine appears in any part. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 2C-I under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No iodinated phenethylamine appears in any part. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 2C-I the reading turned on the searches "2C-I", "iodo-2, 5-dimethoxy" and "iodo". · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-I in Brunei, full detail →

2C-T-7

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "2C-T-7", "propylthio" and "alkylthio", and no alkylthio phenethylamine appears beyond 4-methylthioamphetamine at 1662.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 2C-T-7 carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 2C-T-7 is that no alkylthio phenethylamine appears beyond 4-methylthioamphetamine at 1662. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "2C-T-7", "propylthio" and "alkylthio" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 2C-T-7. Neither instrument names it, and no alkylthio phenethylamine appears beyond 4-methylthioamphetamine at 1662. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 2C-T-7 under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No alkylthio phenethylamine appears beyond 4-methylthioamphetamine at 1662. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 2C-T-7 the reading turned on the searches "2C-T-7", "propylthio" and "alkylthio". · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-T-7 in Brunei, full detail →

3-MMC

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "3-MMC", "methylmethcathinone" and "methcathinone", and absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 3-MMC carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 3-MMC is that absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "3-MMC", "methylmethcathinone" and "methcathinone" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 3-MMC. Neither instrument names it, and absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 3-MMC under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 3-MMC the reading turned on the searches "3-MMC", "methylmethcathinone" and "methcathinone". · Updated September 21, 2026

3-MMC in Brunei, full detail →

4-AcO-DMT

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "Psilocin". O-acetylpsilocin is an ester of psilocin and paragraph 3 reaches any ester.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 4-AcO-DMT is a Class A drug, entered as "Psilocin", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. O-acetylpsilocin is an ester of psilocin and paragraph 3 reaches any ester. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: 4-AcO-DMT is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Psilocin". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for 4-AcO-DMT. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Psilocin". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1693 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 4-AcO-DMT the reading turned on the entry "Psilocin". · Updated September 21, 2026

4-AcO-DMT in Brunei, full detail →

4-HO-MET

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "4-HO-MET" and "hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 4-HO-MET carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 4-HO-MET is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "4-HO-MET" and "hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 4-HO-MET. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 4-HO-MET under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 4-HO-MET the reading turned on the searches "4-HO-MET" and "hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

4-HO-MET in Brunei, full detail →

5-MeO-DMT (Bufo / Toad)

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "Bufotenine". The 5-methyl ether of bufotenine and paragraph 3 reaches any ether.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 5-MeO-DMT is a Class A drug, entered as "Bufotenine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. The 5-methyl ether of bufotenine and paragraph 3 reaches any ether. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: 5-MeO-DMT is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. Bufotenine, the substance it is an ether of, is itself named in no schedule of the Regulations, so the Act reaches it while the Regulations do not. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of 5-MeO-DMT to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1577 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 5-MeO-DMT the reading turned on the entry "Bufotenine". · Updated September 21, 2026

5-MeO-DMT (Bufo / Toad) in Brunei, full detail →

6-APB

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "6-APB" and "benzofuran", and no benzofuran entry appears.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. 6-APB carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for 6-APB is that no benzofuran entry appears. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "6-APB" and "benzofuran" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of 6-APB. Neither instrument names it, and no benzofuran entry appears. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for 6-APB under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No benzofuran entry appears. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 6-APB the reading turned on the searches "6-APB" and "benzofuran". · Updated September 21, 2026

6-APB in Brunei, full detail →

7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH)

Legal status: Class of this substance is unsettled on the face of the Act. It is neither named nor plainly outside the nearest entry, "Mitragynine" in Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). A distinct oxidised compound rather than a salt or stereoisomeric form of mitragynine, though leaf material containing both is reached by paragraph 4.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Everything below turns on whether 7-hydroxymitragynine falls inside "Mitragynine". A distinct oxidised compound rather than a salt or stereoisomeric form of mitragynine, though leaf material containing both is reached by paragraph 4. If it does, the Class D penalties apply and they are these. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. If it does not, no offence under this Act arises at all, because the Part II offences reach only a controlled drug, and the Act supplies no analogue or resemblance clause that would close the gap either way. Death is not available on either reading. If the substance is inside the entry it is a Class D drug, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Second Schedule is death; it is named in no row of the specified drug column, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. If it is outside the entry, no penalty under this Act arises at all. The listing question therefore changes the term of imprisonment and never the availability of death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: For 7-hydroxymitragynine this follows the listing question and cannot be settled ahead of it. On the reading that brings it inside the entry, it is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. On the reading that leaves it outside, the Regulations do not govern it at all, because they operate only on controlled drugs. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Because the listing question for 7-hydroxymitragynine is open, the prudent course is to carry the documents that would be required if it is inside "Mitragynine": a regulation 11 prescription in the prescriber's own hand, and the product in its labelled dispensed container. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one. A person who assumes 7-hydroxymitragynine is outside the Schedule is betting on a reading of the Act that no Brunei court has been shown to have adopted.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the nearest entry, which the substance neither plainly satisfies nor plainly escapes. The entry relied on is at line 1859 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For 7-hydroxymitragynine the reading turned on the entry "Mitragynine". · Updated September 21, 2026

7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) in Brunei, full detail →

Adderall

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Amphetamine". Dexamphetamine is the dextro stereoisomer and paragraph 2 reaches any stereoisomeric form.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Adderall is a Class A drug, entered as "Amphetamine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Dexamphetamine is the dextro stereoisomer and paragraph 2 reaches any stereoisomeric form. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Adderall is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 6 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attracts the same requirements as paragraph 1: regulations 10 to 16 and 28, meaning documented supply, a regulation 11 prescription and a kept register. The Regulations print the entry as "Amphetamine and Dexamphetamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for adderall and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Amphetamine and Dexamphetamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1565 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For adderall the reading turned on the entry "Amphetamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Adderall in Brunei, full detail →

Alcohol

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "alcohol" and "ethanol", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Alcohol carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for alcohol is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "alcohol" and "ethanol" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of alcohol. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for alcohol under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For alcohol the reading turned on the searches "alcohol" and "ethanol". · Updated September 21, 2026

Alcohol in Brunei, full detail →

Amanita muscaria

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Amanita", "Muscimol" and "Ibotenic", and neither the fungus nor muscimol nor ibotenic acid appears.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Amanita muscaria carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for Amanita muscaria is that neither the fungus nor muscimol nor ibotenic acid appears. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Amanita", "Muscimol" and "Ibotenic" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of Amanita muscaria. Neither instrument names it, and neither the fungus nor muscimol nor ibotenic acid appears. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for Amanita muscaria under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Neither the fungus nor muscimol nor ibotenic acid appears. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For Amanita muscaria the reading turned on the searches "Amanita", "Muscimol" and "Ibotenic". · Updated September 21, 2026

Amanita muscaria in Brunei, full detail →

Amphetamine

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Amphetamine".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Amphetamine is a Class A drug, entered as "Amphetamine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Amphetamine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 6 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attracts the same requirements as paragraph 1: regulations 10 to 16 and 28, meaning documented supply, a regulation 11 prescription and a kept register. The Regulations print the entry as "Amphetamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for amphetamine and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Amphetamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1565 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For amphetamine the reading turned on the entry "Amphetamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Amphetamine in Brunei, full detail →

Amyl Nitrite

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "nitrite", and amyl nitrite is named nowhere, and neither the Third Schedule precursor list nor the Regulations reach it.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Amyl nitrite carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for amyl nitrite is that amyl nitrite is named nowhere, and neither the Third Schedule precursor list nor the Regulations reach it. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "nitrite" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of amyl nitrite. Neither instrument names it, and amyl nitrite is named nowhere, and neither the Third Schedule precursor list nor the Regulations reach it. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for amyl nitrite under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Amyl nitrite is named nowhere, and neither the Third Schedule precursor list nor the Regulations reach it. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For amyl nitrite the reading turned on the searches "nitrite". · Updated September 21, 2026

Amyl Nitrite in Brunei, full detail →

Ayahuasca

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". Paragraph 5 reaches any preparation or other product containing a named substance.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Ayahuasca is a Class A drug, entered as "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Paragraph 5 reaches any preparation or other product containing a named substance. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Ayahuasca is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for ayahuasca. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1718 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For ayahuasca the reading turned on the entry "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Ayahuasca in Brunei, full detail →

Barbiturates

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Secobarbital". Secobarbital is the only barbiturate in either schedule.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. The barbiturates is a Class D drug, entered as "Secobarbital", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Secobarbital is the only barbiturate in either schedule. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: The barbiturates is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for the barbiturates, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1862 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For the barbiturates the reading turned on the entry "Secobarbital". · Updated September 21, 2026

Barbiturates in Brunei, full detail →

Benzodiazepines

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Bromazepam, Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Triazolam". Nimetazepam and the entry printed Nitrazapam sit in Part II as Class B, so the family straddles two classes.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. The benzodiazepines is a Class D drug, entered as "Bromazepam, Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Triazolam", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Nimetazepam and the entry printed Nitrazapam sit in Part II as Class B, so the family straddles two classes. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: The benzodiazepines is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for the benzodiazepines, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1853 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For the benzodiazepines the reading turned on the entry "Bromazepam, Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Triazolam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Benzodiazepines in Brunei, full detail →

Buprenorphine

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Buprenorphine". Norbuprenorphine is separately named at 1860.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Buprenorphine is a Class D drug, entered as "Buprenorphine", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Norbuprenorphine is separately named at 1860. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: Buprenorphine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for buprenorphine, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1852 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For buprenorphine the reading turned on the entry "Buprenorphine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Buprenorphine in Brunei, full detail →

Caffeine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Caffeine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Caffeine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for caffeine is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Caffeine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of caffeine. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for caffeine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For caffeine the reading turned on the searches "Caffeine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Caffeine in Brunei, full detail →

Cannabinol

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Cannabinol".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Cannabinol is a Class A drug, entered as "Cannabinol", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Cannabinol is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Cannabinol". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for cannabinol. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Cannabinol". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1578 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For cannabinol the reading turned on the entry "Cannabinol". · Updated September 21, 2026

Cannabinol in Brunei, full detail →

Cannabis / THC

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Cannabis and cannabis resin".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column. Cannabis is a Class A drug, entered as "Cannabis and cannabis resin", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Two separate rows of the specified drug column reach this cell, cannabis and cannabis resin, and the resin thresholds are markedly lower, so hashish reaches death at a weight herbal material does not. That column is the only one in which death appears and it names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 330 and not more than 500 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 500 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 400 and not more than 600 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 600 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of cannabis contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 330 and not more than 500 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 500 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 130 and not more than 200 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 200 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 200 and not more than 300 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 300 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of cannabis resin contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 130 and not more than 200 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 200 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 15 grammes of cannabis, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 330 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Cannabis is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Cannabis and cannabis resin". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for cannabis. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Cannabis and cannabis resin". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1580 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For cannabis the reading turned on the entry "Cannabis and cannabis resin". · Updated September 21, 2026

Cannabis / THC in Brunei, full detail →

Cathinone

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Cathinone". Methcathinone is separately named at 1652.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Cathinone is a Class A drug, entered as "Cathinone", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Methcathinone is separately named at 1652. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Cathinone is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Cathinone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for cathinone. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Cathinone". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1581 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For cathinone the reading turned on the entry "Cathinone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Cathinone in Brunei, full detail →

CBD

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Cannabidiol" and "Cannabinol", and cannabidiol is not cannabinol and is neither a tetrahydro derivative nor a 3-alkyl homologue of it.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. CBD carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for CBD is that cannabidiol is not cannabinol and is neither a tetrahydro derivative nor a 3-alkyl homologue of it. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Cannabidiol" and "Cannabinol" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of CBD. Neither instrument names it, and cannabidiol is not cannabinol and is neither a tetrahydro derivative nor a 3-alkyl homologue of it. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for CBD under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Cannabidiol is not cannabinol and is neither a tetrahydro derivative nor a 3-alkyl homologue of it. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For CBD the reading turned on the searches "Cannabidiol" and "Cannabinol". · Updated September 21, 2026

CBD in Brunei, full detail →

Clonazepam

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Clonazepam" and "azepam", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Clonazepam carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for clonazepam is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Clonazepam" and "azepam" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of clonazepam. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for clonazepam under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For clonazepam the reading turned on the searches "Clonazepam" and "azepam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Clonazepam in Brunei, full detail →

Cocaine

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Cocaine". Coca leaf at 1583 and ecgonine at 1612 are separate entries, so the plant, the precursor alkaloid and the drug are each caught in their own right.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column of the Second Schedule. Cocaine is a Class A drug, entered as "Cocaine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Coca leaf at 1583 and ecgonine at 1612 are separate entries, so the plant, the precursor alkaloid and the drug are each caught in their own right. Cocaine is reached by the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 30 and not more than 40 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 40 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of cocaine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of cocaine contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of cocaine carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 3 grammes of cocaine, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 20 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Cocaine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Cocaine". A preparation of not more than 0.1 per cent cocaine is excepted altogether by paragraph 2 of the First Schedule. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for cocaine and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Cocaine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1584 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For cocaine the reading turned on the entry "Cocaine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Cocaine in Brunei, full detail →

Codeine

Legal status: Class B controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part II, which is headed Class B Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Codeine".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Codeine is a Class B drug, entered as "Codeine", so the Class B columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class B column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Codeine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 6 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attracts the same requirements as paragraph 1: regulations 10 to 16 and 28, meaning documented supply, a regulation 11 prescription and a kept register. The Regulations print the entry as "Codeine". Paragraph 1 of the First Schedule excepts a preparation of not more than 100 milligrammes per dosage unit at a concentration of not more than 2.5 per cent, provided it is not for injection. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for codeine and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Codeine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1776 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For codeine the reading turned on the entry "Codeine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Codeine in Brunei, full detail →

Crack Cocaine

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Cocaine". Base form of the same named substance.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column of the Second Schedule. Crack cocaine is a Class A drug, entered as "Cocaine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Base form of the same named substance. Cocaine is reached by the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 30 and not more than 40 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 40 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of cocaine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of cocaine contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of cocaine carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 3 grammes of cocaine, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 20 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Crack cocaine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Cocaine". The First Schedule exception for a 0.1 per cent preparation cannot reach a base prepared for smoking. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of crack cocaine to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1584 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For crack cocaine the reading turned on the entry "Cocaine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Crack Cocaine in Brunei, full detail →

Delta-8-THC

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "Cannabinol derivatives". A tetrahydro derivative of cannabinol under the Part IV definition.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Delta 8 THC is a Class A drug, entered as "Cannabinol derivatives", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. A tetrahydro derivative of cannabinol under the Part IV definition. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Delta 8 THC is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Cannabinol derivatives". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for delta 8 THC. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Cannabinol derivatives". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1579 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For delta 8 THC the reading turned on the entry "Cannabinol derivatives". · Updated September 21, 2026

Delta-8-THC in Brunei, full detail →

Diazepam

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Diazepam".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Diazepam is a Class D drug, entered as "Diazepam", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: Diazepam is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for diazepam, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1853 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For diazepam the reading turned on the entry "Diazepam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Diazepam in Brunei, full detail →

DMT

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. DMT is a Class A drug, entered as "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: DMT is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for DMT. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1718 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For DMT the reading turned on the entry "N, N-Dimethyltryptamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

DMT in Brunei, full detail →

DOM

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "2, 5-Dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine (also known as DOM, STP)".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. DOM is a Class A drug, entered as "2, 5-Dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine (also known as DOM, STP)", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: DOM is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "2, 5-Dimethoxy-a, 4-dimethylphenethylamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for DOM. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "2, 5-Dimethoxy-a, 4-dimethylphenethylamine". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1603 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For DOM the reading turned on the entry "2, 5-Dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine (also known as DOM, STP)". · Updated September 21, 2026

DOM in Brunei, full detail →

DXM

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "dextromethorphan", and paragraph 2 of Part I expressly carves it out, reaching stereoisomeric forms "not being dextromethorphan or dextrorphan", so its absence is a deliberate exclusion rather than an omission.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Dextromethorphan carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for dextromethorphan is that paragraph 2 of Part I expressly carves it out, reaching stereoisomeric forms "not being dextromethorphan or dextrorphan", so its absence is a deliberate exclusion rather than an omission. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "dextromethorphan" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of dextromethorphan. Neither instrument names it, and paragraph 2 of Part I expressly carves it out, reaching stereoisomeric forms "not being dextromethorphan or dextrorphan", so its absence is a deliberate exclusion rather than an omission. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for dextromethorphan under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Paragraph 2 of Part I expressly carves it out, reaching stereoisomeric forms "not being dextromethorphan or dextrorphan", so its absence is a deliberate exclusion rather than an omission. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For dextromethorphan the reading turned on the searches "dextromethorphan". · Updated September 21, 2026

DXM in Brunei, full detail →

Ephedrine

Legal status: Controlled substance, not a controlled drug. Ephedrine also known as b-Hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine sits in Part I of the Third Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), which is the precursor list reached by section 8A rather than by the trafficking and possession offences in Part II.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Ephedrine is reached by section 8A, not by the drug offences. Section 8A makes it an offence to manufacture, supply, possess, import or export a controlled substance, and the Second Schedule sets that at a maximum of 20 years, a fine of 200,000 Brunei dollars or both, which is the largest fine in the Schedule. The Part II drug offences are not engaged, because section 2 defines controlled substance separately as "any equipment, material or substance specified in the Third Schedule". Death is not available. A Third Schedule substance is not a controlled drug, the section 8A row of the Second Schedule sits in the general column, and that column contains no death entry. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: The Regulations do not schedule Third Schedule substances for prescribing at all; the Third Schedule is a precursor control aimed at manufacture rather than a therapeutic schedule. Regulation 8 deals with the manufacture and supply of drugs in the Third Schedule to the Act. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: For ephedrine the offence in section 8A turns on the article itself rather than on a document, and it is committed by manufacture, supply, possession, import or export of a controlled substance. A person handling it in trade should be able to show the lawful commercial purpose. Regulation 8 of the Regulations governs the manufacture and supply of Third Schedule drugs. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the Third Schedule entry. The entry relied on is at line 2712 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For ephedrine the reading turned on the entry "Ephedrine also known as b-Hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Ephedrine in Brunei, full detail →

Etizolam

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Etizolam" and "azolam", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Etizolam carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for etizolam is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Etizolam" and "azolam" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of etizolam. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for etizolam under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For etizolam the reading turned on the searches "Etizolam" and "azolam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Etizolam in Brunei, full detail →

Fentanyl

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Fentanyl and any compounds structurally derived from N-(1-Methyl-4-piperidyl)-N-phenylformanide by substitution of any of the hydrogen atoms". Paragraph 7 is its own item and names twelve analogues including carfentanil.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Fentanyl is a Class A drug, entered as "Fentanyl and any compounds structurally derived from N-(1-Methyl-4-piperidyl)-N-phenylformanide by substitution of any of the hydrogen atoms", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Paragraph 7 is its own item and names twelve analogues including carfentanil. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Fentanyl is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Fentanyl". The Regulations name only fentanyl itself, not the twelve analogues that paragraph 7 of Part I adds. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for fentanyl and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Fentanyl". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1751 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For fentanyl the reading turned on the entry "Fentanyl and any compounds structurally derived from N-(1-Methyl-4-piperidyl)-N-phenylformanide by substitution of any of the hydrogen atoms". · Updated September 21, 2026

Fentanyl in Brunei, full detail →

Gabapentin

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Gabapentin", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Gabapentin carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for gabapentin is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Gabapentin" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of gabapentin. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for gabapentin under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For gabapentin the reading turned on the searches "Gabapentin". · Updated September 21, 2026

Gabapentin in Brunei, full detail →

GBL

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "butyrolactone" and "GBL", and absent, and Part IIIA has no ester clause through which the lactone could be reached.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. GBL carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for GBL is that absent, and Part IIIA has no ester clause through which the lactone could be reached. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "butyrolactone" and "GBL" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of GBL. Neither instrument names it, and absent, and Part IIIA has no ester clause through which the lactone could be reached. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for GBL under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Absent, and Part IIIA has no ester clause through which the lactone could be reached. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For GBL the reading turned on the searches "butyrolactone" and "GBL". · Updated September 21, 2026

GBL in Brunei, full detail →

GHB

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. GHB is a Class D drug, entered as "Gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: GHB is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for GHB, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1857 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For GHB the reading turned on the entry "Gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)". · Updated September 21, 2026

GHB in Brunei, full detail →

Heroin

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Diamorphine".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column. Heroin is a Class A drug, entered as "Diamorphine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Two separate rows of the specified drug column reach this cell, because street heroin contains both diamorphine and morphine and the Schedule sets a threshold for each. That column is the only one in which death appears and it names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of diamorphine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of diamorphine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of diamorphine contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of diamorphine carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of morphine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of morphine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of morphine contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of morphine carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 2 grammes of diamorphine, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 10 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Heroin is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Diamorphine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for heroin and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Diamorphine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1588 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For heroin the reading turned on the entry "Diamorphine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Heroin in Brunei, full detail →

HHC

Legal status: Class of this substance is unsettled on the face of the Act. It is neither named nor plainly outside the nearest entry, "Cannabinol derivatives" in Part I of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). Hexahydrocannabinol is saturated at the 9,10 positions, so it is not a tetrahydro derivative on the ordinary chemical reading, and its pentyl chain is not homologated.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Everything below turns on whether HHC falls inside "Cannabinol derivatives". Hexahydrocannabinol is saturated at the 9,10 positions, so it is not a tetrahydro derivative on the ordinary chemical reading, and its pentyl chain is not homologated. If it does, the Class A penalties apply and they are these. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. If it does not, no offence under this Act arises at all, because the Part II offences reach only a controlled drug, and the Act supplies no analogue or resemblance clause that would close the gap either way. Death is not available on either reading. If the substance is inside the entry it is a Class A drug, and no Class A column entry anywhere in the Second Schedule is death; it is named in no row of the specified drug column, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. If it is outside the entry, no penalty under this Act arises at all. The listing question therefore changes the term of imprisonment and never the availability of death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: For HHC this follows the listing question and cannot be settled ahead of it. On the reading that brings it inside the entry, it sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. On the reading that leaves it outside, the Regulations do not govern it at all, because they operate only on controlled drugs. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Because the listing question for HHC is open, the prudent course is to carry the documents that would be required if it is inside "Cannabinol derivatives": a regulation 11 prescription in the prescriber's own hand, and the product in its labelled dispensed container. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one. A person who assumes HHC is outside the Schedule is betting on a reading of the Act that no Brunei court has been shown to have adopted.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the nearest entry, which the substance neither plainly satisfies nor plainly escapes. The entry relied on is at line 1579 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For HHC the reading turned on the entry "Cannabinol derivatives". · Updated September 21, 2026

HHC in Brunei, full detail →

Hydrocodone

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Hydrocodone".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Hydrocodone is a Class A drug, entered as "Hydrocodone", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Hydrocodone is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Hydrocodone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for hydrocodone and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Hydrocodone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1624 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For hydrocodone the reading turned on the entry "Hydrocodone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Hydrocodone in Brunei, full detail →

Ketamine

Legal status: Class B controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part II, which is headed Class B Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Ketamine". Norketamine and its dehydro derivatives are separately named at 1788.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Ketamine is a Class B drug, entered as "Ketamine", so the Class B columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Norketamine and its dehydro derivatives are separately named at 1788. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class B column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Ketamine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for ketamine, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1781 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For ketamine the reading turned on the entry "Ketamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Ketamine in Brunei, full detail →

Khat

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "Cathinone". Catha edulis is not named. Paragraph 5 reaches a product containing cathinone.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Khat is a Class A drug, entered as "Cathinone", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Catha edulis is not named. Paragraph 5 reaches a product containing cathinone. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Khat is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Cathinone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for khat. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Cathinone". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1581 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For khat the reading turned on the entry "Cathinone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Khat in Brunei, full detail →

Kratom

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Mitragynine". The leaf is not named; the alkaloid is.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Kratom is a Class D drug, entered as "Mitragynine", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. The leaf is not named; the alkaloid is. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: Kratom is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of kratom to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1859 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For kratom the reading turned on the entry "Mitragynine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Kratom in Brunei, full detail →

Lorazepam

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Lorazepam" and "azepam", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Lorazepam carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for lorazepam is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Lorazepam" and "azepam" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of lorazepam. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for lorazepam under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For lorazepam the reading turned on the searches "Lorazepam" and "azepam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Lorazepam in Brunei, full detail →

LSA (Morning Glory)

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Lysergamide".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. LSA is a Class A drug, entered as "Lysergamide", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: LSA is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Lysergamide". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for LSA. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Lysergamide". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1636 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For LSA the reading turned on the entry "Lysergamide". · Updated September 21, 2026

LSA (Morning Glory) in Brunei, full detail →

LSD

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. LSD is a Class A drug, entered as "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: LSD is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for LSD. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1637 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For LSD the reading turned on the entry "Lysergide and other N-alkyl derivatives of lysergamide". · Updated September 21, 2026

LSD in Brunei, full detail →

MDA

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "a-Methyl-3, 4-(methylenedioxy) phenethylamine (also known as Tenamfetamine)".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. MDA is a Class A drug, entered as "a-Methyl-3, 4-(methylenedioxy) phenethylamine (also known as Tenamfetamine)", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 2 grammes of MDA, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. No capital row reaches MDA at all, so the presumption is the only weight threshold in the Act that touches it. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: MDA is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA)". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for MDA. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA)". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1707 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For MDA the reading turned on the entry "a-Methyl-3, 4-(methylenedioxy) phenethylamine (also known as Tenamfetamine)". · Updated September 21, 2026

MDA in Brunei, full detail →

MDMA

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "N, a-dimethyl-3, 4-(methylenedioxy) phenethylamine (also known as MDMA)".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column of the Second Schedule. MDMA is a Class A drug, entered as "N, a-dimethyl-3, 4-(methylenedioxy) phenethylamine (also known as MDMA)", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Mdma is reached by the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of MDMA contained in a controlled drug. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of MDMA contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of MDMA contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of MDMA carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 2 grammes of MDMA, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 10 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: MDMA is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. The Fourth Schedule reaches MDA but not MDMA. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of MDMA to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1604 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For MDMA the reading turned on the entry "N, a-dimethyl-3, 4-(methylenedioxy) phenethylamine (also known as MDMA)". · Updated September 21, 2026

MDMA in Brunei, full detail →

MDPV

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "MDPV" and "pyrovalerone", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. MDPV carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for MDPV is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "MDPV" and "pyrovalerone" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of MDPV. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for MDPV under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For MDPV the reading turned on the searches "MDPV" and "pyrovalerone". · Updated September 21, 2026

MDPV in Brunei, full detail →

Memantine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Memantine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Memantine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for memantine is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Memantine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of memantine. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for memantine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For memantine the reading turned on the searches "Memantine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Memantine in Brunei, full detail →

Mephedrone (4-MMC)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Mephedrone", "methylmethcathinone" and "methcathinone", and absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Mephedrone carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for mephedrone is that absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Mephedrone", "methylmethcathinone" and "methcathinone" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of mephedrone. Neither instrument names it, and absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for mephedrone under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For mephedrone the reading turned on the searches "Mephedrone", "methylmethcathinone" and "methcathinone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Mephedrone (4-MMC) in Brunei, full detail →

Mescaline

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Mescaline".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Mescaline is a Class A drug, entered as "Mescaline", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Mescaline is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Mescaline". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for mescaline. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Mescaline". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1638 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For mescaline the reading turned on the entry "Mescaline". · Updated September 21, 2026

Mescaline in Brunei, full detail →

Methadone

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Methadone".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Methadone is a Class A drug, entered as "Methadone", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Methadone is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Methadone". Methadone intermediate sits instead in the Fourth Schedule and takes the licence route. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for methadone and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Methadone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1640 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For methadone the reading turned on the entry "Methadone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Methadone in Brunei, full detail →

Methamphetamine

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Methylamphetamine (also known as Methamphetamine)".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column of the Second Schedule. Methamphetamine is a Class A drug, entered as "Methylamphetamine (also known as Methamphetamine)", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Methylamphetamine is reached by the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 50 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 50 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 40 and not more than 100 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 100 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of methylamphetamine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 20 and not more than 50 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 50 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Unauthorised manufacture of methylamphetamine carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 20 grammes of methylamphetamine, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. That 20 grammes is not a coincidence worth passing over and it is not the same number as the death threshold. It is the identical figure to the lower bound of the section 3 band, so at 20 grammes the presumption of trafficking and the 20 year minimum open together, while death still needs more than 50. A live cell for this country stated the presumption figure as 50 grammes, which is the death threshold, not the presumption. The two are different numbers doing different work and this cell separates them. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Methamphetamine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 6 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attracts the same requirements as paragraph 1: regulations 10 to 16 and 28, meaning documented supply, a regulation 11 prescription and a kept register. The Regulations print the entry as "Methylamphetamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for methamphetamine and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Methylamphetamine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1658 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For methamphetamine the reading turned on the entry "Methylamphetamine (also known as Methamphetamine)". · Updated September 21, 2026

Methamphetamine in Brunei, full detail →

Methaqualone (Quaaludes)

Legal status: Class C controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part III, which is headed Class C Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Methaqualone".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Methaqualone is a Class C drug, entered as "Methaqualone", so the Class C columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 10 years and 5 strokes with a minimum of 2 years and 2 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class C column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Methaqualone is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 6 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attracts the same requirements as paragraph 1: regulations 10 to 16 and 28, meaning documented supply, a regulation 11 prescription and a kept register. The Regulations print the entry as "Methaqualone". That places it under tighter control in the Regulations than its Class C position in the Act would suggest. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for methaqualone and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Methaqualone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1821 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For methaqualone the reading turned on the entry "Methaqualone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Methaqualone (Quaaludes) in Brunei, full detail →

Methylone

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Methylone" and "methylenedioxymethcathinone", and absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Methylone carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for methylone is that absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Methylone" and "methylenedioxymethcathinone" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of methylone. Neither instrument names it, and absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for methylone under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Absent, and no generic cathinone clause exists. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For methylone the reading turned on the searches "Methylone" and "methylenedioxymethcathinone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Methylone in Brunei, full detail →

Methylphenidate

Legal status: Class B controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part II, which is headed Class B Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Methylphenidate".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Methylphenidate is a Class B drug, entered as "Methylphenidate", so the Class B columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class B column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Methylphenidate is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 6 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attracts the same requirements as paragraph 1: regulations 10 to 16 and 28, meaning documented supply, a regulation 11 prescription and a kept register. The Regulations print the entry as "Methylphenidate". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for methylphenidate and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Methylphenidate". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1782 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For methylphenidate the reading turned on the entry "Methylphenidate". · Updated September 21, 2026

Methylphenidate in Brunei, full detail →

Mitragynine

Legal status: Class D controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part IIIA, which is headed Class D Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Mitragynine". It is the isolated alkaloid that the Schedule names, and 7-hydroxymitragynine is not named beside it.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Mitragynine is a Class D drug, entered as "Mitragynine", so the Class D columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 5 years and 3 strokes with a minimum of 1 year and 1 stroke. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 10 years and 10 strokes, and the Class D column of that row shows no minimum at all where Classes A to C each show one. Simple possession under section 6(a) and consumption under section 6(b) each carry a maximum of 5 years, a fine of 10,000 Brunei dollars or both, and the second offence minimums shown for Classes A to C are likewise absent from the Class D column. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. It is the isolated alkaloid that the Schedule names, and 7-hydroxymitragynine is not named beside it. Death is not available. The specified drug column of the Second Schedule names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and no Class D column entry anywhere in the Schedule is death. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. The Class D maximums are the lowest in the Act, reaching 10 years at their highest for manufacture and import or export. Two defects in the Act bear on this. The definition of controlled drug in section 2 reads "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product", which omits Part IIIA, while every offence in Part II is framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug. And section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, so no paragraph of it attaches anything to the Class D column at all. Both gaps trace to S 28/1994, which inserted Part IIIA, the Class D definition and the Class D column without making the consequential amendments. The First Schedule is headed Controlled Drugs across all of its parts and the Class D column carries real punishments, so the purposive reading is the one given here. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: Mitragynine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of mitragynine to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1859 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For mitragynine the reading turned on the entry "Mitragynine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Mitragynine in Brunei, full detail →

Modafinil

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Modafinil", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Modafinil carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for modafinil is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Modafinil" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of modafinil. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for modafinil under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For modafinil the reading turned on the searches "Modafinil". · Updated September 21, 2026

Modafinil in Brunei, full detail →

Morphine

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Morphine".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column of the Second Schedule. Morphine is a Class A drug, entered as "Morphine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Morphine is reached by the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of morphine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of morphine contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of morphine contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of morphine carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 3 grammes of morphine, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 10 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Morphine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Morphine". A preparation of not more than 0.2 per cent morphine is excepted altogether by paragraph 3 of the First Schedule. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for morphine and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Morphine". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1666 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For morphine the reading turned on the entry "Morphine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Morphine in Brunei, full detail →

MXE

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Methoxetamine" and "MXE", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Methoxetamine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for methoxetamine is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Methoxetamine" and "MXE" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of methoxetamine. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for methoxetamine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For methoxetamine the reading turned on the searches "Methoxetamine" and "MXE". · Updated September 21, 2026

MXE in Brunei, full detail →

Nicotine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Nicotine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Nicotine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for nicotine is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Nicotine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of nicotine. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for nicotine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For nicotine the reading turned on the searches "Nicotine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Nicotine in Brunei, full detail →

Nimetazepam

Legal status: Class B controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part II, which is headed Class B Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Nimetazepam".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Nimetazepam is a Class B drug, entered as "Nimetazepam", so the Class B columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class B column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Nimetazepam is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: The Regulations name no schedule for nimetazepam, so no prescribed form of register or requisition attaches to it specifically, and the document that matters is a prescription satisfying regulation 11 together with the dispensed container and its label. Regulation 5(2) is the authority a prescriber relies on, because it reaches any controlled drug rather than a scheduled list. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1785 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For nimetazepam the reading turned on the entry "Nimetazepam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Nimetazepam in Brunei, full detail →

Nitrous Oxide

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Nitrous", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Nitrous oxide carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for nitrous oxide is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Nitrous" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of nitrous oxide. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for nitrous oxide under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For nitrous oxide the reading turned on the searches "Nitrous". · Updated September 21, 2026

Nitrous Oxide in Brunei, full detail →

Opium

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Opium". Poppy-straw and concentrate of poppy-straw are separately named at 1689.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: the specified drug column of the Second Schedule. Opium is a Class A drug, entered as "Opium", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Poppy-straw and concentrate of poppy-straw are separately named at 1689. Opium is reached by the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which is the only column in which death appears and which names just eight drugs: opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 800 and not more than 1200 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 1200 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 1000 and not more than 1500 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 1500 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of opium contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 800 and not more than 1200 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 1200 grammes carries death, measured as gross weight of the drug itself. Separately from the punishment thresholds, section 15 presumes trafficking from possession of more than 100 grammes of opium, "whether or not contained in any substance, extract, preparation or mixture", so the section 15 figure is always a content figure whatever basis the punishment row uses. It sits well below the section 3 band, which does not open until 800 grammes, so the presumption bites long before any capital exposure does. Death is mandatory where it appears. Section 29(2) provides that the columns of the Second Schedule "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and every row in which death appears gives death alone, with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative beside it. Nothing in the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. Searches of the whole Act for substantive assistance, courier, diminished responsibility, alternative sentencing and life imprisonment returned nothing, and the single use of the word discretion is in section 31(2) about forfeited property. Brunei has no equivalent of the certificate route that its Singapore counterpart added in 2012. The sharper practical fact is the step at the foot of each band rather than the death line at its head. One gramme below the lower figure the base Class A row applies, with a minimum of 5 years. At the lower figure the specified row takes over and the minimum becomes 20 years and 15 strokes. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of any error at a threshold: the bands are closed and exhaustive, reading not more than the figure in the lower band and more than the same figure in the capital one, so at exactly the stated weight the non capital band applies on the words of the Act and there is no gap for an error to fall into. This cell reproduces each statutory figure exactly rather than rounding it, so it errs in neither direction. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Opium is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Raw opium". Medicinal opium sits instead in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule, so the two forms of opium take different routes through the Regulations. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Opium takes two routes and the document depends on which form is in hand. Raw opium sits in the Fourth Schedule, where there is no prescription route at all and lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4. Medicinal opium sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule and is dispensed on a regulation 11 prescription, and a preparation of not more than 0.2 per cent morphine is excepted altogether by paragraph 3 of the First Schedule. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1676 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For opium the reading turned on the entry "Opium". · Updated September 21, 2026

Opium in Brunei, full detail →

Oxycodone

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Oxycodone".
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Oxycodone is a Class A drug, entered as "Oxycodone", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Oxycodone is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in paragraph 1 of the Second Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, the tightest routine regime, which brings regulations 10 to 16 and 28 into play: a signed order or requisition before supply, a prescription meeting regulation 11, entries in the register in the form set by the Fifth Schedule, and preservation of those records. The Regulations print the entry as "Oxycodone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: Carry the prescription for oxycodone and keep the medicine in the container it was dispensed in, with the pharmacy label intact. The Regulations enter it as "Oxycodone". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity in both words and figures in the prescriber's own handwriting, so a printed repeat slip is not on its face a compliant document. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1677 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For oxycodone the reading turned on the entry "Oxycodone". · Updated September 21, 2026

Oxycodone in Brunei, full detail →

PCP

Legal status: Class B controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part II, which is headed Class B Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Phencyclidine". Its analogues eticyclidine, rolicyclidine and tenocyclidine sit in Part I as Class A.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. PCP is a Class B drug, entered as "Phencyclidine", so the Class B columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 10 strokes with a minimum of 3 years and 3 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Its analogues eticyclidine, rolicyclidine and tenocyclidine sit in Part I as Class A. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class B column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: PCP is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. The Fourth Schedule entry reads Tenocyclidine or PCP or its salts, which attaches the abbreviation PCP to a compound the Act classes differently. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of PCP to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1789 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For PCP the reading turned on the entry "Phencyclidine". · Updated September 21, 2026

PCP in Brunei, full detail →

Peyote

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "Mescaline". The cactus is not named. Paragraph 5 reaches a product containing mescaline.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Peyote is a Class A drug, entered as "Mescaline", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. The cactus is not named. Paragraph 5 reaches a product containing mescaline. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Peyote is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Mescaline". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for peyote. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Mescaline". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1638 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For peyote the reading turned on the entry "Mescaline". · Updated September 21, 2026

Peyote in Brunei, full detail →

Phenibut

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Phenibut" and "aminophenylbutyric", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Phenibut carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for phenibut is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Phenibut" and "aminophenylbutyric" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of phenibut. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for phenibut under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For phenibut the reading turned on the searches "Phenibut" and "aminophenylbutyric". · Updated September 21, 2026

Phenibut in Brunei, full detail →

Pink Cocaine / Tusi

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "4-Bromo-2, 5-dimethoxyphenethylamine". A mixture sold under one name; its class follows whichever named substance it in fact contains.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: not established. Pink cocaine is a Class A drug, entered as "4-Bromo-2, 5-dimethoxyphenethylamine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. A mixture sold under one name; its class follows whichever named substance it in fact contains. The name covers a mixture rather than a single substance, so exposure follows whatever it in fact contains. If it contains MDMA, the specified drug column reaches it: Under section 3 trafficking, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of MDMA contained in a controlled drug. Under section 3A possession for the purpose of trafficking, not less than 20 and not more than 30 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 30 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of MDMA contained in a controlled drug. Under section 5 import or export, not less than 10 and not more than 15 grammes carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes and a minimum of 20 years and 15 strokes, and more than 15 grammes carries death, measured as the quantity of MDMA contained in a controlled drug. Unauthorised manufacture of MDMA carries death at any quantity whatever, with no threshold at all, under the section 4 row. If it contains only 2C-B or ketamine, no capital row applies and the Class A or Class B base penalties above are the ceiling. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. On the direction of error: this cell presents the Second Schedule as reaching the substance, which overstates exposure if the defects described above are read literally rather than purposively. Overstatement is the safer direction for a reader deciding what to risk.
If prescribed / medical: Pink cocaine is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It is named in no schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1 at all. The schedules to the Regulations were last amended by S 36/1998 while the First Schedule to the Act runs to S 12/2012, so the supply and register machinery in regulations 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 is keyed to lists that never caught up with the Act. What does reach it is regulation 5(2), which authorises any medical or dental officer of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force, acting in the course of duty, "to manufacture, possess, prescribe, administer or supply any controlled drug", and regulation 11, which governs the form of a prescription for any controlled drug "other than a drug specified in the First Schedule" to the Regulations. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no dispensed medicinal form of pink cocaine to carry a document for, so the question is not what to bring but that possession is itself the offence under section 6(a). No licence under regulation 4 and no authority under regulation 5 is available to an ordinary traveller or patient, because regulation 5 reaches only officers, analysts and medical or dental officers acting in the course of duty. Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1576 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For pink cocaine the reading turned on the entry "4-Bromo-2, 5-dimethoxyphenethylamine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Pink Cocaine / Tusi in Brunei, full detail →

Poppers

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "nitrite", and the Act schedules no inhalant of any kind, and the alkyl nitrites sold under this name appear in no part.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Poppers carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for poppers is that the Act schedules no inhalant of any kind, and the alkyl nitrites sold under this name appear in no part. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "nitrite" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of poppers. Neither instrument names it, and the Act schedules no inhalant of any kind, and the alkyl nitrites sold under this name appear in no part. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for poppers under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. The Act schedules no inhalant of any kind, and the alkyl nitrites sold under this name appear in no part. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For poppers the reading turned on the searches "nitrite". · Updated September 21, 2026

Poppers in Brunei, full detail →

Pregabalin

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Pregabalin", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Pregabalin carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for pregabalin is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Pregabalin" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of pregabalin. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for pregabalin under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For pregabalin the reading turned on the searches "Pregabalin". · Updated September 21, 2026

Pregabalin in Brunei, full detail →

Psilocybin

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is named in its own right, as "Psilocybine". Psilocin is separately named at 1693.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Psilocybin is a Class A drug, entered as "Psilocybine", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Psilocin is separately named at 1693. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: Psilocybin is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Psilocin". The Regulations name psilocin but not psilocybine, which the Act names as well. Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for psilocybin. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Psilocin". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the named entry itself. The entry relied on is at line 1694 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For psilocybin the reading turned on the entry "Psilocybine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Psilocybin in Brunei, full detail →

Quetiapine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Quetiapine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Quetiapine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for quetiapine is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Quetiapine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of quetiapine. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for quetiapine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For quetiapine the reading turned on the searches "Quetiapine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Quetiapine in Brunei, full detail →

Salvia divinorum

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Salvia" and "Salvinorin", and neither the plant nor salvinorin appears.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Salvia divinorum carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for Salvia divinorum is that neither the plant nor salvinorin appears. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Salvia" and "Salvinorin" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of Salvia divinorum. Neither instrument names it, and neither the plant nor salvinorin appears. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for Salvia divinorum under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Neither the plant nor salvinorin appears. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For Salvia divinorum the reading turned on the searches "Salvia" and "Salvinorin". · Updated September 21, 2026

Salvia divinorum in Brunei, full detail →

Scopolamine (Devil's Breath)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Scopolamine" and "Hyoscine", and neither scopolamine nor hyoscine appears.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Scopolamine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for scopolamine is that neither scopolamine nor hyoscine appears. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Scopolamine" and "Hyoscine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of scopolamine. Neither instrument names it, and neither scopolamine nor hyoscine appears. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for scopolamine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. Neither scopolamine nor hyoscine appears. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For scopolamine the reading turned on the searches "Scopolamine" and "Hyoscine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Scopolamine (Devil's Breath) in Brunei, full detail →

Synthetic Cannabinoids (K2 / Spice)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "JWH", "AM-2201", "UR-144" and "naphthoyl", and no naphthoyl, indole or indazole entry appears and the cannabinol derivative definition does not reach them.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. The synthetic cannabinoids carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for the synthetic cannabinoids is that no naphthoyl, indole or indazole entry appears and the cannabinol derivative definition does not reach them. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "JWH", "AM-2201", "UR-144" and "naphthoyl" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of the synthetic cannabinoids. Neither instrument names it, and no naphthoyl, indole or indazole entry appears and the cannabinol derivative definition does not reach them. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for the synthetic cannabinoids under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No naphthoyl, indole or indazole entry appears and the cannabinol derivative definition does not reach them. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For the synthetic cannabinoids the reading turned on the searches "JWH", "AM-2201", "UR-144" and "naphthoyl". · Updated September 21, 2026

Synthetic Cannabinoids (K2 / Spice) in Brunei, full detail →

THC-P

Legal status: Class A controlled drug. It sits in the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013) at Part I, which is headed Class A Drugs, and is reached by an objective chemical paragraph rather than by name, as "Cannabinol derivatives". Both limbs: a tetrahydro derivative and a 3-alkyl homologue, the heptyl chain being the homologation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. THC-P is a Class A drug, entered as "Cannabinol derivatives", so the Class A columns of the Second Schedule govern. Trafficking is defined very broadly by section 2 as "to sell, give, administer, transport, send, deliver or distribute", or to offer to do any of those, so passing a share to a friend is trafficking and not sharing. Trafficking under section 3 carries a maximum of 20 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Possession for the purpose of trafficking under section 3A carries the same. Manufacture under section 4 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 10 years and 5 strokes. Import or export under section 5 carries a maximum of 30 years and 15 strokes with a minimum of 5 years and 5 strokes. Simple possession under section 6(a) carries a maximum of 10 years, a fine of 20,000 Brunei dollars or both, rising to a minimum of 2 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Consumption under section 6(b) carries the same maximum with a minimum of 3 years on a second or subsequent conviction. Section 29(3) doubles the punishment for a second or subsequent offence under Part II other than section 6. Both limbs: a tetrahydro derivative and a 3-alkyl homologue, the heptyl chain being the homologation. Death is not available for this substance. It appears in no row of the specified drug column of the Second Schedule, which names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA, and the Class A column carries no death entry against any offence. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years. One defect in the Act bears on this. Section 29(2) describes a seven column table where the Second Schedule prints eight, because the Class D column was inserted by S 28/1994 without redrafting the subsection. So 29(2)(b), which attaches the specified quantity punishments, names the sixth column when the specified column is now the seventh. The subsection describes the contents of each column unmistakably, so the numbering is read purposively, but the capital penalties sit in the column the defect touches.
If prescribed / medical: THC-P is scheduled for prescribing purposes as follows. It sits in the Fourth Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1, which attaches regulations 14(1), 15 and 28(1). There is no ordinary dispensing route. Lawful handling runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4, or through regulation 5. The Regulations print the entry as "Cannabinol derivatives". Regulation 11 requires the prescription to be indelible, signed and dated, with the dose and the total quantity written in both words and figures in the prescriber's own hand, and the name and address of both patient and prescriber. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: There is no prescription route for THC-P. Lawful possession runs through a licence issued by the Minister under regulation 4 of the Regulations, or through the narrow authorities in regulation 5, which cover officers and analysts acting in the course of duty and medical or dental officers of Brunei Darussalam or of a visiting force. A foreign prescription is not one of the listed authorities. The Fourth Schedule entry it answers to is "Cannabinol derivatives". Import and export are their own offence under section 5 and carry heavier minimums than trafficking, so carrying a supply into Brunei is the graver charge, not the lesser one.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was read from the generic paragraph of the part rather than from a named entry. The entry relied on is at line 1579 of the plain text extraction of the official PDF. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For THC-P the reading turned on the entry "Cannabinol derivatives". · Updated September 21, 2026

THC-P in Brunei, full detail →

Tobacco

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Tobacco" and "Nicotine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Tobacco carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for tobacco is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Tobacco" and "Nicotine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of tobacco. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for tobacco under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For tobacco the reading turned on the searches "Tobacco" and "Nicotine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Tobacco in Brunei, full detail →

Tramadol

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Tramadol", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Tramadol carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for tramadol is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Tramadol" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of tramadol. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for tramadol under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For tramadol the reading turned on the searches "Tramadol". · Updated September 21, 2026

Tramadol in Brunei, full detail →

Xanax (Alprazolam)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Alprazolam" and "azolam", and the only triazolo entry is Triazolam at 1863.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Alprazolam carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for alprazolam is that the only triazolo entry is Triazolam at 1863. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Alprazolam" and "azolam" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of alprazolam. Neither instrument names it, and the only triazolo entry is Triazolam at 1863. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for alprazolam under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. The only triazolo entry is Triazolam at 1863. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For alprazolam the reading turned on the searches "Alprazolam" and "azolam". · Updated September 21, 2026

Xanax (Alprazolam) in Brunei, full detail →

Xylazine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Xylazine", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Xylazine carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for xylazine is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Xylazine" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of xylazine. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for xylazine under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For xylazine the reading turned on the searches "Xylazine". · Updated September 21, 2026

Xylazine in Brunei, full detail →

Zolpidem

Legal status: Not a controlled drug in Brunei. Absent from Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IIIA of the First Schedule to the Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013), from both parts of its Third Schedule, and from all four substantive schedules to the Regulations. Searched as "Zolpidem", and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. Zolpidem carries no penalty under the Misuse of Drugs Act in Brunei, because no offence in the Act reaches it. The Part II offences in sections 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 are each framed as an offence in relation to a controlled drug, and section 2 confines that to "any substance or product which is for the time being specified in Part I, II or III of the First Schedule to this Act or anything that contains any such substance or product". What decides it for zolpidem is that no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. Searching the four parts of the First Schedule, both parts of the Third Schedule and the four substantive schedules to the Regulations under "Zolpidem" returned nothing. Death is not available, and neither is any penalty under this Act. The substance is not a controlled drug, so no offence in Part II is engaged by it and no column of the Second Schedule is reached. The specified drug column, the only one in which death appears, names only opium, morphine, diamorphine, cocaine, cannabis, cannabis resin, methylamphetamine and MDMA. Where death does appear it is mandatory. Section 29(2) provides that the columns "show respectively the punishments to be imposed on a person convicted of the offence", and each death row gives death alone with no maximum, no minimum and no alternative. No provision of the Act confers a sentencing discretion on a capital conviction. The Act creates no sentence of life imprisonment. The phrase appears nowhere in its text, and the longest determinate term it reaches is 30 years.
If prescribed / medical: Neither the Misuse of Drugs Act nor its Regulations governs the prescribing or supply of zolpidem. Neither instrument names it, and no entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. No register, requisition or prescription requirement in the Regulations attaches to it, since every one of those is keyed to a scheduled controlled drug. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.
Documentation: No document is required for zolpidem under the Misuse of Drugs Act, because the Act does not reach it. No entry under that name or any synonym searched for it appears in either instrument. That is a statement about one Act and no wider. A traveller carrying a prescribed medicine should still carry the prescription and keep the product in its labelled dispensed container. What was not checked for this cell is Brunei's medicines and poisons regime, which is a separate body of law that was not fetched. Absence from the Misuse of Drugs Act is not a statement that a substance is freely available.

Misuse of Drugs Act, Chapter 27 of the Laws of Brunei Darussalam, Revised Edition 2013 (B.L.R.O. 2/2013). The list of controlled drugs sits in the First Schedule to the Act, not in subsidiary legislation, and the empowering section is section 35: "His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, amend the First and Third Schedules". That power reaches the First and Third Schedules only, so the capital thresholds in the Second Schedule cannot be changed by order. The schedules were last amended by S 12/2012 and consolidated into this Revised Edition · the publisher's own page for Chapter 27 lists five amendment orders ending there, and every later gazette notification under the Act concerns approved institutions and appointments rather than any schedule. This cell was recorded as a measured absence across every part of both schedules and the Regulations. Read from the Attorney General's Chambers copy at https://www.agc.gov.bn/brulaw/misuse-of-drugs-act/ together with the Misuse of Drugs Regulations, Chapter 27, Rg 1. For zolpidem the reading turned on the searches "Zolpidem". · Updated September 21, 2026

Zolpidem in Brunei, full detail →

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