Not yet medically reviewed, information on this site is in preparation and has not been verified by a medical reviewer.
Legality · Cannabis / THC

Is Cannabis / THC legal in Netherlands?

Confirmed against a primary sourceVerified June 25, 2026
Legal status
List II 'soft drug' under the Opium Act — illegal but tolerated (gedoogbeleid)
Consequences if caught
In the Netherlands, drug USE itself is not punishable, but possession, production and trade ARE prohibited; the 'tolerance policy' (gedoogbeleid) makes small quantities a low enforcement priority without making them legal. Cannabis/hashish is a List II soft drug: technically illegal but tolerated. Licensed coffeeshops may sell under strict conditions (18+, max 5 g per transaction, no advertising, no alcohol), and personal possession of up to 5 g is given low enforcement priority.
If prescribed or medical
Sleeping pills/anxiety medicines on List II may be carried for personal medical use with the proper certificate (see documentation).
Documentation
For Schengen travel, carry a Schengen certificate issued via the CAK (valid 30 days, covering up to 4 Schengen countries); for non-Schengen travel, carry an English-language medical certificate (legalised, valid 1 year). Keep medicines in original packaging in your hand luggage.
Primary sources

What sentences have courts imposed for Cannabis / THC in Netherlands?

Prosecutions recorded in Netherlands, each checked against the official document cited below it. Individuals are never named, and these are examples of what has happened, not a prediction of what will. How we verify a court case.

Across 6 verified cases, one sentence of 12 months is recorded. 5 cases state no single comparable term.

  • A separately numbered co-accused case was heard at the same time without joinder. For the repeated joint import of a large quantity of cannabis, the court chose the maximum-length task order and a six-month custodial term that was entirely suspended.

    2023medeplegen; repeated import of a large quantity

    convicted of jointly importing a large quantity of cannabis; 240 hours community service plus six months fully suspended imprisonment

    Substances recorded cannabis

    Source Rechtspraak.nl (Raad voor de rechtspraak)

  • The reciprocal judgment identifies this accused by a different parketnummer from the co-accused. The court found repeated joint import and onward dealing in a large cannabis quantity and imposed 12 months, with three months held back conditionally.

    2023medeplegen; repeated import and trade of a large quantity

    convicted of jointly importing and trading a large quantity of cannabis; 12 months' imprisonment, three months suspended

    Substances recorded cannabis

    Source Rechtspraak.nl (Raad voor de rechtspraak)

  • This co-accused's combined header string is distinct from both reciprocal co-accused strings. The court treated the 2019 possession and dealing conduct together with a later cannabis transport count, but only the 2019 conduct carried the joint-participation finding.

    2019medeplegen; possession and commercial dealing; later individual transport

    convicted of cannabis possession, commercial dealing and transport; 120 days' imprisonment, 110 days suspended

    Substances recorded cannabis

    Source Rechtspraak.nl (Raad voor de rechtspraak)

  • The judgment itself corrects the metadata risk by showing the current parketnummer string in its header and separately listing the two co-accused case-number strings. Two 2019 cannabis counts were proved; the later 2020 allegation was acquitted.

    2019medeplegen; possession and commercial dealing

    convicted of joint cannabis possession and commercial dealing; 100 days' imprisonment, 90 days suspended

    Substances recorded cannabis

    Source Rechtspraak.nl (Raad voor de rechtspraak)

  • The third reciprocal Limburg judgment produces a different sentencing shape: the 2019 joint cannabis counts received a 40-hour task order that was wholly conditional. A later cannabis offense was separately declared guilty with no punishment.

    2019medeplegen; possession and commercial dealing; fully suspended task order

    convicted of joint cannabis possession and commercial dealing; 40 hours community service, fully suspended

    Substances recorded cannabis

    Source Rechtspraak.nl (Raad voor de rechtspraak)

  • The court preserved the lesser participation form rather than treating the accused as a principal. The operative conviction was complicity in joint large-scale cannabis cultivation, punished with 80 hours of community service.

    2018medeplichtigheid aan medeplegen; large-scale cannabis cultivation

    convicted of complicity in joint large-scale cannabis cultivation; 80 hours community service

    Substances recorded cannabis

    Source Rechtspraak.nl (Raad voor de rechtspraak)

Cannabis / THC in related jurisdictions

Other substances confirmed in Netherlands