Legal status in Bahrain

1P-LSD

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 1P-LSD is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Lysergide is listed in Group II Schedule 1, and lysergic acid is a Group III Schedule 1 precursor, but the annex carries no analogue, derivative or prodrug clause that would carry either entry across to a 1-substituted lysergamide.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 1P-LSD is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 1P-LSD is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 1P-LSD. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 1P-LSD. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 1P-LSD, 1-propionyl-LSD, 1-propionyl-lysergic acid diethylamide. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

1P-LSD in Bahrain, full detail →

2-FDCK

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 2-FDCK is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Ketamine itself was added to Group I Schedule 3 by Decision 39 of 2016 as a bare name, and neither that decision nor the annex carries an analogue clause that would reach a fluorinated ring-substituted relative.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 2-FDCK is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 2-FDCK is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 2-FDCK. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 2-FDCK. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 2-FDCK, 2-fluorodeschloroketamine, 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

2-FDCK in Bahrain, full detail →

25I-NBOMe

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 25I-NBOMe is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No N-benzyl phenethylamine of any kind is listed in the twelve tables, and the 2C-B entry in Group II Schedule 2 is not written so as to reach a substituted derivative.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 25I-NBOMe is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 25I-NBOMe is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 25I-NBOMe. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 25I-NBOMe. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 25I-NBOMe, 2C-I-NBOMe, NBOMe, 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)phenethylamine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

25I-NBOMe in Bahrain, full detail →

2C-B

Legal status: Controlled. 2C-B is placed in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «4-bromo-2,5dimethoxyphenyl-ethylamine; 2C-B». The entry has no international non-proprietary name and is matched on its chemical name with the 2C-B synonym beside it. Brolamfetamine, printed against DOB, is in Group II Schedule 1 and is a different substance.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 2C-B. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 2C-B. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The entry has no international non-proprietary name and is matched on its chemical name with the 2C-B synonym beside it. Brolamfetamine, printed against DOB, is in Group II Schedule 1 and is a different substance. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-B in Bahrain, full detail →

2C-E

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 2C-E is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The only 2C phenethylamine in the annex is 2C-B, in Group II Schedule 2, and DOET in Group II Schedule 1 is the alpha-methylated ethyl compound rather than this one.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 2C-E is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 2C-E is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 2C-E. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 2C-E. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 2C-E, 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-E in Bahrain, full detail →

2C-I

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 2C-I is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The only 2C phenethylamine in the annex is 2C-B, in Group II Schedule 2, and the halogen is the whole of the difference between the two.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 2C-I is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 2C-I is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 2C-I. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 2C-I. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 2C-I, 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-I in Bahrain, full detail →

2C-T-7

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 2C-T-7 is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The only 2C phenethylamine in the annex is 2C-B, in Group II Schedule 2, and no thioether phenethylamine is listed anywhere.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 2C-T-7 is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 2C-T-7 is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 2C-T-7. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 2C-T-7. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 2C-T-7, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylthiophenethylamine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

2C-T-7 in Bahrain, full detail →

3-MMC

Legal status: Controlled. 3-MMC is reached through the class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added, which is the only route to it, because the ring-methyl position is what separates it from 4-MEC in Group II Schedule 2 and from mephedrone, and neither is listed under this name. The entry relied on reads «Synthetic CATHINONE» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 3-MMC. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 3-MMC. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name 3-MMC is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were 3-MMC, 3-methylmethcathinone, metaphedrone. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

3-MMC in Bahrain, full detail →

4-AcO-DMT

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 4-AcO-DMT is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Psilocybine and psilocine are both in Group II Schedule 1, and the acetate ester of psilocine is chemically a third compound that neither entry names.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 4-AcO-DMT is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 4-AcO-DMT is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 4-AcO-DMT. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 4-AcO-DMT. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 4-AcO-DMT, 4-acetoxy-DMT, O-acetylpsilocin, psilacetin. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

4-AcO-DMT in Bahrain, full detail →

4-HO-MET

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 4-HO-MET is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Psilocine in Group II Schedule 1 is the 4-hydroxy dimethyltryptamine, and the N-ethyl N-methyl homologue is not printed anywhere in the tables.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 4-HO-MET is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 4-HO-MET is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 4-HO-MET. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 4-HO-MET. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 4-HO-MET, metocin, 3-[2-(ethylmethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-ol. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

4-HO-MET in Bahrain, full detail →

5-MeO-DMT (Bufo / Toad)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 5-MeO-DMT is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. DMT is in Group II Schedule 1 under its indole chemical name, and the 5-methoxy compound is a distinct substance that the entry's chemical designation does not cover.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 5-MeO-DMT is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 5-MeO-DMT is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 5-MeO-DMT. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 5-MeO-DMT. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 5-MeO-DMT, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, O-methylbufotenin. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

5-MeO-DMT (Bufo / Toad) in Bahrain, full detail →

6-APB

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 6-APB is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. MDA and MDMA are both in Group II Schedule 1, but the benzofuran ring system is not the methylenedioxy ring system, and no benzofuran appears in any table.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 6-APB is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 6-APB is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 6-APB. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 6-APB. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 6-APB, 6-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran, benzofury. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

6-APB in Bahrain, full detail →

7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. 7-hydroxymitragynine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The active kratom metabolite is not in any substance table, and the plant it comes from is not one of the four prohibited plants in Group I Schedule 5.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach 7-hydroxymitragynine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and 7-hydroxymitragynine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for 7-hydroxymitragynine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for 7-hydroxymitragynine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were 7-hydroxymitragynine, 7-OH-mitragynine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) in Bahrain, full detail →

Adderall

Legal status: Controlled. Adderall is reached through amfetamine and dexamfetamine, which are separate entries in that table. The entry relied on reads «AMFETAMINE; (+-)-alpha-methylphenethylamine» in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Adderall. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Adderall is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, valid for seven days as a psychotropic substance, and Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A traveller who has been treated abroad may bring in not more than one week of treatment under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved in the country of treatment, which is shorter than a usual stimulant supply and is the provision to plan around.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Adderall is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were Adderall, mixed amphetamine salts, amfetamine aspartate, dexamfetamine saccharate. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Adderall in Bahrain, full detail →

Alcohol

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Alcohol is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Ethanol is in none of the twelve tables and neither is any other drinking alcohol. Bahrain licenses the sale and consumption of alcohol under a separate regime that was not read for this cell, so this is a statement about the drug law and not a statement that alcohol is unregulated.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Alcohol is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Alcohol is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Alcohol. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Alcohol. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were alcohol, ethanol, ethyl alcohol, spirits. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Alcohol in Bahrain, full detail →

Amanita muscaria

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Amanita muscaria is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Only four plants are prohibited, in Group I Schedule 5, and none of them is a fungus, while psilocybine and psilocine in Group II Schedule 1 are the only fungal compounds anywhere in the annex.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Amanita muscaria is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Amanita muscaria is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Amanita muscaria. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Amanita muscaria. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were Amanita muscaria, fly agaric, muscimol, ibotenic acid. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Amanita muscaria in Bahrain, full detail →

Amphetamine

Legal status: Controlled. Amphetamine is placed in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «AMFETAMINE; (+-)-alpha-methylphenethylamine». Dexamfetamine and levamfetamine are separate entries in the same table. The annex spells the international non-proprietary name amfetamine, so an English-spelling search returns nothing.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Amphetamine. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Amphetamine is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, valid for seven days as a psychotropic substance, and Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A traveller who has been treated abroad may bring in not more than one week of treatment under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved in the country of treatment, which is shorter than a usual stimulant supply and is the provision to plan around.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Dexamfetamine and levamfetamine are separate entries in the same table. The annex spells the international non-proprietary name amfetamine, so an English-spelling search returns nothing. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Amphetamine in Bahrain, full detail →

Amyl Nitrite

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Amyl nitrite is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No alkyl nitrite appears in any table, and the Group III Schedule 2 list of solvents and reagents carries acetone, ethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone and toluene and no nitrite.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Amyl nitrite is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Amyl nitrite is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Amyl nitrite. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Amyl nitrite. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were amyl nitrite, isoamyl nitrite, 3-methylbutyl nitrite. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Amyl Nitrite in Bahrain, full detail →

Ayahuasca

Legal status: Controlled. Ayahuasca is reached through the DMT in it. The entry relied on reads «DMT; 3-[2(dimethylamino)ethyl]indole» in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Ayahuasca. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Ayahuasca. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Ayahuasca is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were ayahuasca, Banisteriopsis caapi, Psychotria viridis, yage, harmine. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Ayahuasca in Bahrain, full detail →

Barbiturates

Legal status: Controlled. The barbiturates are reached through their members, which are spread across three tables: secobarbital in Group II Schedule 2, amobarbital, butalbital, cyclobarbital and pentobarbital in Group II Schedule 3, and the six named here in Group II Schedule 4. The entry relied on reads «ALLOBARBITAL; BARBITAL; METHYLPHENOBARBITAL; PHENOBARBITAL; SECBUTABARBITAL; VINYLBITAL» in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under their own names they are not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of their own.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for The barbiturates. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The barbiturates is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name The barbiturates is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were barbiturates, barbiturate, barbituric acid. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Barbiturates in Bahrain, full detail →

Benzodiazepines

Legal status: Controlled. The benzodiazepines are reached through their members, thirty of which are listed individually in that table, with flunitrazepam one table higher in Group II Schedule 3. The entry relied on reads «ALPRAZOLAM; DIAZEPAM; CLONAZEPAM; LORAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; NITRAZEPAM; OXAZEPAM; TEMAZEPAM; TRIAZOLAM» in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under their own names they are not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of their own.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for The benzodiazepines. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The benzodiazepines is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name The benzodiazepines is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were benzodiazepines, benzodiazepine. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Benzodiazepines in Bahrain, full detail →

Buprenorphine

Legal status: Controlled. Buprenorphine is placed in Group II Schedule 3 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «BUPRENORPHINE; 21-cyclopropyl-7-alpha[(S)-1-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl]-6,14-endo-ethano-6,7,8,14-tetrahydrooripavine». It sits among the psychotropic substances and not among the narcotic drugs, so the article that reaches it is Article 34 and not Article 30, although its chemistry is that of an oripavine opioid.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Buprenorphine. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Buprenorphine is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 3 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. It sits among the psychotropic substances and not among the narcotic drugs, so the article that reaches it is Article 34 and not Article 30, although its chemistry is that of an oripavine opioid. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Buprenorphine in Bahrain, full detail →

Caffeine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Caffeine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No xanthine appears in any table. Fenetylline in Group II Schedule 2 is a theophylline linked to amfetamine, and it is that amfetamine limb, not the xanthine limb, that puts it there.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Caffeine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Caffeine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Caffeine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Caffeine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were caffeine, 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, guaranine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Caffeine in Bahrain, full detail →

Cannabinol

Legal status: Controlled. Cannabinol is reached, where it is obtained from the plant, through the extracts and tinctures of cannabis limb of the Group I Schedule 1 cannabis entry, cannabinol being the oxidation product of tetrahydrocannabinol rather than one of the six isomers the Group II Schedule 1 list prints, and dronabinol in Group II Schedule 2 is the delta-9 compound and not this one. The entry relied on reads «Cannabis and cannabis resin and extracts and tinctures of cannabis» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Cannabinol. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Cannabinol. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Cannabinol is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were cannabinol, CBN. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Cannabinol in Bahrain, full detail →

Cannabis / THC

Legal status: Controlled. Cannabis is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Cannabis and cannabis resin and extracts and tinctures of cannabis; (Indian Hemp)and Cannabis resin( Resin of Indian Hemp )». Cannabis and cannabis resin are repeated in Group I Schedule 4, Indian cannabis is a prohibited plant in Group I Schedule 5, and Group I Schedule 6 excludes cannabis fibres and cannabis seeds treated so that they cannot be grown.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Cannabis. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Cannabis. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Cannabis and cannabis resin are repeated in Group I Schedule 4, Indian cannabis is a prohibited plant in Group I Schedule 5, and Group I Schedule 6 excludes cannabis fibres and cannabis seeds treated so that they cannot be grown. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Cannabis / THC in Bahrain, full detail →

Cathinone

Legal status: Controlled. Cathinone is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «CATHINONE; (-)-(S)-2-aminopropiophenone». Methcathinone is a separate entry in the same table, cathine sits in Group II Schedule 3, and Decision 39 of 2016 added a Synthetic CATHINONE class entry to Group I Schedule 1.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Cathinone. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Cathinone. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Methcathinone is a separate entry in the same table, cathine sits in Group II Schedule 3, and Decision 39 of 2016 added a Synthetic CATHINONE class entry to Group I Schedule 1. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Cathinone in Bahrain, full detail →

CBD

Legal status: Controlled. CBD is reached, where it is obtained from the plant, through the extracts and tinctures of cannabis limb of the Group I Schedule 1 cannabis entry, cannabidiol being a constituent of the plant and not a tetrahydrocannabinol, so the six-isomer list in Group II Schedule 1 does not touch it and a synthetic article would have to be tested against the 2016 class entry instead. The entry relied on reads «Cannabis and cannabis resin and extracts and tinctures of cannabis» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for CBD. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for CBD. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name CBD is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were cannabidiol, CBD, hemp extract. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

CBD in Bahrain, full detail →

Clonazepam

Legal status: Controlled. Clonazepam is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «CLONAZEPAM; 5-(o-chlorophenyl)1,3,dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one». Nitrazepam and nimetazepam, the other nitro benzodiazepines, are separate entries in the same table.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Clonazepam. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Clonazepam is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Nitrazepam and nimetazepam, the other nitro benzodiazepines, are separate entries in the same table. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Clonazepam in Bahrain, full detail →

Cocaine

Legal status: Controlled. Cocaine is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Cocaine; methyl ester of benzoylecgonine». Coca leaf and ecgonine with its convertible esters and derivatives are separate entries in the same table, and all kinds of coca are also a prohibited plant in Group I Schedule 5.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Cocaine. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Cocaine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Coca leaf and ecgonine with its convertible esters and derivatives are separate entries in the same table, and all kinds of coca are also a prohibited plant in Group I Schedule 5. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Cocaine in Bahrain, full detail →

Codeine

Legal status: Controlled. Codeine is placed in Group I Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Codeine; 3-O-methylmorphine». Group I Schedule 3 exempts preparations of codeine compounded with one or more other ingredients and containing not more than 100 milligrams of the drug per dosage unit and with a concentration of not more than 2.5 per cent in undivided preparations, so the placement of a given product turns on its strength.
Consequences if caught: A compounded codeine preparation containing not more than 100 milligrams of the drug per dosage unit and not more than 2.5 per cent in an undivided preparation is the Group I Schedule 3 exempt article, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the proportion in it exceeds what that table fixes, so an ordinary compounded codeine medicine is not the article the figures below reach. What follows is the exposure of codeine itself, which Group I Schedule 2 lists with no threshold at all. Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Codeine. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Codeine is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Group I Schedule 3 exempts preparations of codeine compounded with one or more other ingredients and containing not more than 100 milligrams of the drug per dosage unit and with a concentration of not more than 2.5 per cent in undivided preparations, so the placement of a given product turns on its strength. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Codeine in Bahrain, full detail →

Crack Cocaine

Legal status: Controlled. Crack cocaine is reached through cocaine, of which it is the freebase form. The entry relied on reads «Cocaine; methyl ester of benzoylecgonine» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Crack cocaine. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Crack cocaine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Crack cocaine is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were crack, freebase cocaine, cocaine base. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Crack Cocaine in Bahrain, full detail →

Delta-8-THC

Legal status: Controlled. Delta-8-THC is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «tetrahydrocannabinol, the following isomers and their stereochemical variants; (6aR,10aR)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol». That fourth isomer in the printed list is delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol under its systematic name, which is a chemical identification made here and not a phrase the annex uses. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is elsewhere, as dronabinol in Group II Schedule 2.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Delta-8-THC. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Delta-8-THC. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. That fourth isomer in the printed list is delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol under its systematic name, which is a chemical identification made here and not a phrase the annex uses. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is elsewhere, as dronabinol in Group II Schedule 2. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Delta-8-THC in Bahrain, full detail →

Diazepam

Legal status: Controlled. Diazepam is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «DIAZEPAM; 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one». Nordazepam, its principal active metabolite, is a separate entry in the same table.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Diazepam. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Diazepam is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Nordazepam, its principal active metabolite, is a separate entry in the same table. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Diazepam in Bahrain, full detail →

DMT

Legal status: Controlled. DMT is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «DMT; 3-[2(dimethylamino)ethyl]indole». The table prints the abbreviation in the other-names column against the indole chemical name.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for DMT. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for DMT. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The table prints the abbreviation in the other-names column against the indole chemical name. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

DMT in Bahrain, full detail →

DOM

Legal status: Controlled. DOM is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «STP, DOM; 2,5-dimethoxy-alpha,4-dimethylphenethylamine». Brolamfetamine, printed against the synonym DOB, is a separate entry in the same table and is a different substance.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for DOM. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for DOM. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Brolamfetamine, printed against the synonym DOB, is a separate entry in the same table and is a different substance. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

DOM in Bahrain, full detail →

DXM

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Dextromethorphan is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. It is not merely absent. The footnote to Group I Schedule 1 reads «Dextromethorphan ((+)- 3- methoxy- N- methylmorphinan) and dextrorphan ((+)- 3- hydroxy-N- methylmorphinan) are isomers specifically excluded from this Schedule», which is an express exclusion rather than a silence, and the isomers clause that follows the table is what it is carved out of.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Dextromethorphan is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Dextromethorphan is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Dextromethorphan. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Dextromethorphan. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were dextromethorphan, DXM, (+)-3-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

DXM in Bahrain, full detail →

Ephedrine

Legal status: Controlled. Ephedrine is placed in Group III Schedule 1 of the annex, the list of precursors and chemicals frequently used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Ephedrine». Pseudoephedrine and norephedrine are separate entries in the same table, and the table's closing clause extends it to the salts of the substances listed whenever the existence of such salts is possible.
Consequences if caught: Article 36 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the precursors of Group III Schedules 1 and 2 by imprisonment, for which that article states no maximum. The same article adds a fine of not more than 1,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 37 sets not more than four months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Ephedrine. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 34, which carries not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Ephedrine is a precursor rather than a medicine in the Law's scheme. Article 13 confines import, export and transport licences to government bodies, licensed colleges, specialised institutes and research centres, and licensed hospitals, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II substances and not for Group III. Whether a pharmacy decongestant or bronchodilator containing it may be sold without a prescription, and under what sales limit, is a question for the medicines regime and not for this Law, and it was not established here.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group III Schedule 1 of the annex, the list of precursors and chemicals frequently used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Pseudoephedrine and norephedrine are separate entries in the same table, and the table's closing clause extends it to the salts of the substances listed whenever the existence of such salts is possible. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Ephedrine in Bahrain, full detail →

Etizolam

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Etizolam is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Thirty benzodiazepines are listed individually in Group II Schedule 4 and flunitrazepam in Group II Schedule 3, all of them true benzodiazepines, and clotiazepam, the one thienodiazepine among them, is a different substance.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Etizolam is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Etizolam is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Etizolam. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Etizolam. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were etizolam, thienotriazolodiazepine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Etizolam in Bahrain, full detail →

Fentanyl

Legal status: Controlled. Fentanyl is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Fentanyl; 1-phenethyl-4-N-propionylanilinopiperidine». Eleven fentanyl analogues are listed separately in the same table and seven of them are repeated in Group I Schedule 4.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Fentanyl. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Fentanyl is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Eleven fentanyl analogues are listed separately in the same table and seven of them are repeated in Group I Schedule 4. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Fentanyl in Bahrain, full detail →

Gabapentin

Legal status: Controlled. Gabapentin is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, by Decision 14 of 2020, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Gabapentin». Decision 14 of 2020 adds it and pregabalin and nothing else, and its Article Two is an ordinary commencement clause with no transitional provision.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Gabapentin. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Gabapentin is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, by Decision 14 of 2020 and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Decision 14 of 2020 adds it and pregabalin and nothing else, and its Article Two is an ordinary commencement clause with no transitional provision. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Gabapentin in Bahrain, full detail →

GBL

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. GBL is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid is in Group II Schedule 4, but its lactone is a separate compound, it is not printed in that table, and it is not in either of the two Group III precursor tables that would be the natural place for it.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach GBL is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and GBL is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for GBL. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for GBL. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were gamma-butyrolactone, GBL, dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

GBL in Bahrain, full detail →

GHB

Legal status: Controlled. GHB is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; GHB». The entry has no international non-proprietary name column filled and is matched on the acid name with the GHB synonym beside it. It sits in Schedule 4 and not in Schedule 2.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for GHB. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for GHB. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The entry has no international non-proprietary name column filled and is matched on the acid name with the GHB synonym beside it. It sits in Schedule 4 and not in Schedule 2. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

GHB in Bahrain, full detail →

Heroin

Legal status: Controlled. Heroin is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Heroin; diacetylmorphine». Heroin is listed a second time in Group I Schedule 4, the table the 1961 Convention reserves for the most restricted drugs.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Heroin. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Heroin. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Heroin is listed a second time in Group I Schedule 4, the table the 1961 Convention reserves for the most restricted drugs. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Heroin in Bahrain, full detail →

HHC

Legal status: Controlled. HHC is reached, where it is made synthetically, through the undefined class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added; the single hexahydro compound in the Group II Schedule 1 isomer list is the 6,6-dimethyl-9-methylene one, while hexahydrocannabinol is the 6,6,9-trimethyl one, so that list does not reach it. The entry relied on reads «Synthetic Cannabinoids» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: For HHC, whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established: reached, where it is made synthetically, through the undefined class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added; the single hexahydro compound in the Group II Schedule 1 isomer list is the 6,6-dimethyl-9-methylene one, while hexahydrocannabinol is the 6,6,9-trimethyl one, so that list does not reach it is a route the published text neither confirms nor closes off, and the article that would apply differs by a whole tier depending on the answer. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for HHC. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for HHC. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name HHC is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were HHC, hexahydrocannabinol, 6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

HHC in Bahrain, full detail →

Hydrocodone

Legal status: Controlled. Hydrocodone is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Hydrocodone; dihydrocodeinone». Hydromorphone and hydromorphinol are separate entries in the same table and are different substances.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Hydrocodone. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Hydrocodone is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Hydromorphone and hydromorphinol are separate entries in the same table and are different substances. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Hydrocodone in Bahrain, full detail →

Ketamine

Legal status: Controlled. Ketamine is placed in Group I Schedule 3 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Ketamine». Group I Schedule 3 is the table of preparations exempted from some provisions, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the narcotic proportion in it exceeds the proportions fixed in that table. The decision adds ketamine as a bare name with no proportion, so the published text does not settle whether the Article 30 tier reaches it. Ketamine is the only general anaesthetic anywhere in the annex, and it was put among the narcotic drugs of Group I rather than among the psychotropic substances of Group II.
Consequences if caught: For Ketamine, whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established: Group I Schedule 3 is the table of preparations exempted from some provisions, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the narcotic proportion in it exceeds the proportions fixed in that table. The decision adds ketamine as a bare name with no proportion, so the published text does not settle whether the Article 30 tier reaches it. Ketamine is the only general anaesthetic anywhere in the annex, and it was put among the narcotic drugs of Group I rather than among the psychotropic substances of Group II. is a route the published text neither confirms nor closes off, and the article that would apply differs by a whole tier depending on the answer. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Ketamine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Ketamine is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 3 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016 and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Group I Schedule 3 is the table of preparations exempted from some provisions, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the narcotic proportion in it exceeds the proportions fixed in that table. The decision adds ketamine as a bare name with no proportion, so the published text does not settle whether the Article 30 tier reaches it. Ketamine is the only general anaesthetic anywhere in the annex, and it was put among the narcotic drugs of Group I rather than among the psychotropic substances of Group II. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Ketamine in Bahrain, full detail →

Khat

Legal status: Controlled. Khat is placed in Group I Schedule 5 of the annex to the Law, the table of plants which are not permitted, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «All kinds of Khat (Catha Edulis)». The plant is named in its own right, so the answer does not depend on its cathinone content, and it is the fourth of only four prohibited plants.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Khat. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Khat. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 5 of the annex to the Law, the table of plants which are not permitted and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The plant is named in its own right, so the answer does not depend on its cathinone content, and it is the fourth of only four prohibited plants. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Khat in Bahrain, full detail →

Kratom

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Kratom is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Only four plants are prohibited, in Group I Schedule 5: Indian cannabis, poppy capsules or straw, all kinds of coca and all kinds of khat, and khat is the only one of the four that is a stimulant leaf.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Kratom is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Kratom is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Kratom. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Kratom. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were kratom, Mitragyna speciosa, ketum. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Kratom in Bahrain, full detail →

Lorazepam

Legal status: Controlled. Lorazepam is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «LORAZEPAM; 7-chloro-5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one». Lormetazepam, its methylated analogue, is a separate entry immediately below it in the same table.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Lorazepam. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Lorazepam is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Lormetazepam, its methylated analogue, is a separate entry immediately below it in the same table. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Lorazepam in Bahrain, full detail →

LSA (Morning Glory)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. LSA is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Lysergide is in Group II Schedule 1 and lysergic acid is a Group III Schedule 1 precursor, but the simple amide is neither of those two compounds, and ergometrine and ergotamine, the two ergot alkaloids that are listed, are also precursors rather than the amide.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach LSA is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and LSA is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for LSA. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for LSA. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were LSA, ergine, d-lysergic acid amide, lysergamide. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

LSA (Morning Glory) in Bahrain, full detail →

LSD

Legal status: Controlled. LSD is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «(+)-LYSERGIDE; 9,10-didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-methylergoline-8b-carboxamide; LSD, LSD-25». The entry carries both the international non-proprietary name and the LSD-25 synonym, so the match is on the name itself and not on an inference.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for LSD. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for LSD. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The entry carries both the international non-proprietary name and the LSD-25 synonym, so the match is on the name itself and not on an inference. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

LSD in Bahrain, full detail →

MDA

Legal status: Controlled. MDA is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «TENAMFETAMINE; alpha-methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine; MDA». The international non-proprietary name is tenamfetamine and MDA appears in the other-names column, which is why a search on MDA alone can read as a miss.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for MDA. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for MDA. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The international non-proprietary name is tenamfetamine and MDA appears in the other-names column, which is why a search on MDA alone can read as a miss. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

MDA in Bahrain, full detail →

MDMA

Legal status: Controlled. MDMA is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «MDMA; (+)-N,alpha-dimethyl-3,4-(methylene-dioxy)phenethylamine». MDE and N-hydroxy MDA are separate entries in the same table, so the three methylenedioxy amphetamines are listed individually rather than as a family.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for MDMA. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for MDMA. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. MDE and N-hydroxy MDA are separate entries in the same table, so the three methylenedioxy amphetamines are listed individually rather than as a family. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

MDMA in Bahrain, full detail →

MDPV

Legal status: Controlled. MDPV is reached through the class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added, which is the only route to it, because pyrovalerone in Group II Schedule 4 has no methylenedioxy ring and pentedrone, added to Group II Schedule 2 in 2020, is a shorter-chain relative. The entry relied on reads «Synthetic CATHINONE» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for MDPV. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for MDPV. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name MDPV is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were MDPV, methylenedioxypyrovalerone, 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

MDPV in Bahrain, full detail →

Memantine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Memantine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No adamantane amine is listed in any table, and the arylcyclohexylamines in Group II Schedule 1 are a different structural class.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Memantine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Memantine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Memantine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Memantine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were memantine, 3,5-dimethyladamantan-1-amine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Memantine in Bahrain, full detail →

Mephedrone (4-MMC)

Legal status: Controlled. Mephedrone is reached through the class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added, which is the only route to it, because the one ring-methylated cathinone added by name is 4-MEC, in Group II Schedule 2 by Decision 11 of 2020, and that is the N-ethyl compound. The entry relied on reads «Synthetic CATHINONE» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Mephedrone. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Mephedrone. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Mephedrone is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were mephedrone, 4-MMC, 4-methylmethcathinone. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Mephedrone (4-MMC) in Bahrain, full detail →

Mescaline

Legal status: Controlled. Mescaline is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Mescaline; 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine». The entry has no international non-proprietary name column filled, so the match is on the chemical name and the Mescaline synonym printed beside it.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Mescaline. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Mescaline. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The entry has no international non-proprietary name column filled, so the match is on the chemical name and the Mescaline synonym printed beside it. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Mescaline in Bahrain, full detail →

Methadone

Legal status: Controlled. Methadone is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Methadone; 6-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone». Methadone intermediate, isomethadone and normethadone are separate entries in the same table.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Methadone. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Methadone is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Methadone intermediate, isomethadone and normethadone are separate entries in the same table. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Methadone in Bahrain, full detail →

Methamphetamine

Legal status: Controlled. Methamphetamine is placed in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «METAMFETAMINE; (+)-(S)-N,alpha-dimethylphenethylamine». Metamfetamine racemate and levomethamphetamine are separate entries in the same table. The annex spells it metamfetamine, so an English-spelling search returns nothing.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Methamphetamine. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Methamphetamine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Metamfetamine racemate and levomethamphetamine are separate entries in the same table. The annex spells it metamfetamine, so an English-spelling search returns nothing. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Methamphetamine in Bahrain, full detail →

Methaqualone (Quaaludes)

Legal status: Controlled. Methaqualone is placed in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «METHAQUALONE; 2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone». Mecloqualone is a separate entry in the same table and is a different substance.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Methaqualone. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Methaqualone. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Mecloqualone is a separate entry in the same table and is a different substance. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Methaqualone (Quaaludes) in Bahrain, full detail →

Methylone

Legal status: Controlled. Methylone is reached through the class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added, which is the only route to it, because ethylone, added to Group II Schedule 2 by Decision 11 of 2020, is the N-ethyl homologue and a different substance. The entry relied on reads «Synthetic CATHINONE» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Methylone. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Methylone. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Methylone is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were methylone, bk-MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Methylone in Bahrain, full detail →

Methylphenidate

Legal status: Controlled. Methylphenidate is placed in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «METHYLPHENIDATE; methyl alpha-phenyl-2-piperidineacetate». Ethylphenidate was added to the same table by Decision 11 of 2020 and is a different substance.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Methylphenidate. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Methylphenidate is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, valid for seven days as a psychotropic substance, and Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A traveller who has been treated abroad may bring in not more than one week of treatment under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved in the country of treatment, which is shorter than a usual stimulant supply and is the provision to plan around.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Ethylphenidate was added to the same table by Decision 11 of 2020 and is a different substance. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Methylphenidate in Bahrain, full detail →

Mitragynine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Mitragynine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The kratom alkaloid is not in any substance table, and the plant it comes from is not one of the four prohibited plants in Group I Schedule 5.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Mitragynine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Mitragynine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Mitragynine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Mitragynine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were mitragynine, 9-methoxycorynantheidine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Mitragynine in Bahrain, full detail →

Modafinil

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Modafinil is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The stimulants in the annex are the amfetamines and their close relatives in Group II Schedules 2 and 4, and the diphenylmethylsulfinyl structure is not among them.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Modafinil is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Modafinil is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Modafinil. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Modafinil. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were modafinil, adrafinil, 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Modafinil in Bahrain, full detail →

Morphine

Legal status: Controlled. Morphine is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Morphine; 7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17methyl morphinan-3,6 diol». Morphine methobromide, the other pentavalent nitrogen derivatives and morphine N-oxide are separate entries in the same table.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Morphine. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Morphine is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Morphine methobromide, the other pentavalent nitrogen derivatives and morphine N-oxide are separate entries in the same table. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Morphine in Bahrain, full detail →

MXE

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Methoxetamine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Ketamine was added to Group I Schedule 3 by Decision 39 of 2016, and eticyclidine, rolicyclidine and tenocyclidine are in Group II Schedule 1, but none of those entries is drafted to reach a further arylcyclohexylamine by chemical class.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Methoxetamine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Methoxetamine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Methoxetamine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Methoxetamine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were methoxetamine, MXE, 3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

MXE in Bahrain, full detail →

Nicotine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Nicotine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Nicotine is in none of the twelve tables, and tobacco is not one of the four prohibited plants in Group I Schedule 5. Bahrain regulates tobacco and nicotine products under a separate regime that was not read for this cell.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Nicotine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Nicotine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Nicotine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Nicotine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were nicotine, 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Nicotine in Bahrain, full detail →

Nimetazepam

Legal status: Controlled. Nimetazepam is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «NIMETAZEPAM; 1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-7-nitro-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one». It is listed in its own right rather than reached through nitrazepam, which is a separate entry immediately below it.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Nimetazepam. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Nimetazepam is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. It is listed in its own right rather than reached through nitrazepam, which is a separate entry immediately below it. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Nimetazepam in Bahrain, full detail →

Nitrous Oxide

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Nitrous oxide is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No inhalational anaesthetic and no gas of any kind appears in the twelve tables, and the Group III chemical tables carry solvents and reagents used in illicit manufacture rather than substances used for their own effect.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Nitrous oxide is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Nitrous oxide is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Nitrous oxide. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Nitrous oxide. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were nitrous oxide, dinitrogen monoxide, laughing gas. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Nitrous Oxide in Bahrain, full detail →

Opium

Legal status: Controlled. Opium is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Opium». The table's own footnote says all preparations made direct from opium are considered opium preparations, and preparations obtained from a mixture of opium alkaloids are to be considered morphine preparations. Poppy capsules or straw are separately a prohibited plant in Group I Schedule 5.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Opium. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Opium. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The table's own footnote says all preparations made direct from opium are considered opium preparations, and preparations obtained from a mixture of opium alkaloids are to be considered morphine preparations. Poppy capsules or straw are separately a prohibited plant in Group I Schedule 5. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Opium in Bahrain, full detail →

Oxycodone

Legal status: Controlled. Oxycodone is placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Oxycodone; 14-hydroxydihydrocodeinone». Oxymorphone is a separate entry immediately below it in the same table.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Oxycodone. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Oxycodone is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Oxymorphone is a separate entry immediately below it in the same table. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Oxycodone in Bahrain, full detail →

PCP

Legal status: Controlled. PCP is placed in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «PHENCYCLIDINE; 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine; PCP». Eticyclidine, rolicyclidine and tenocyclidine are in Group II Schedule 1, one table higher, and are different substances.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for PCP. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for PCP. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 2 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Eticyclidine, rolicyclidine and tenocyclidine are in Group II Schedule 1, one table higher, and are different substances. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

PCP in Bahrain, full detail →

Peyote

Legal status: Controlled. Peyote is reached through its mescaline content. The entry relied on reads «Mescaline; 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine» in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Peyote. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Peyote. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Peyote is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were peyote, Lophophora williamsii, anhalonium. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Peyote in Bahrain, full detail →

Phenibut

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Phenibut is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. The gamma-hydroxybutyric acid entry in Group II Schedule 4 is the only four-carbon acid of that family in the annex, and pregabalin and gabapentin, added to the same table by Decision 14 of 2020, are named individually rather than as a class.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Phenibut is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Phenibut is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Phenibut. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Phenibut. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were phenibut, beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid, fenibut. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Phenibut in Bahrain, full detail →

Pink Cocaine / Tusi

Legal status: Controlled. Pink cocaine is reached through whichever named substance a given sample is found to contain, most often MDMA, which is in that table, or ketamine, which Decision 39 of 2016 put in Group I Schedule 3. The entry relied on reads «MDMA; (+)-N,alpha-dimethyl-3,4-(methylene-dioxy)phenethylamine» in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: For Pink cocaine, whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established: reached through whichever named substance a given sample is found to contain, most often MDMA, which is in that table, or ketamine, which Decision 39 of 2016 put in Group I Schedule 3 is a route the published text neither confirms nor closes off, and the article that would apply differs by a whole tier depending on the answer. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Pink cocaine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Pink cocaine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name Pink cocaine is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were pink cocaine, tusi, tuci, 2C-B mixture. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Pink Cocaine / Tusi in Bahrain, full detail →

Poppers

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Poppers are not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No alkyl nitrite appears in any table. The nearest chemistry in the annex is the Group III Schedule 2 list of solvents and reagents, which carries acetone, ethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone and toluene and no nitrite.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Poppers is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Poppers is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Poppers. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Poppers. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were poppers, alkyl nitrite, isopropyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Poppers in Bahrain, full detail →

Pregabalin

Legal status: Controlled. Pregabalin is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, by Decision 14 of 2020, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Pregabalin». Decision 14 of 2020 adds it and gabapentin and nothing else, and its Article Two is an ordinary commencement clause with no transitional provision.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Pregabalin. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Pregabalin is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, by Decision 14 of 2020 and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Decision 14 of 2020 adds it and gabapentin and nothing else, and its Article Two is an ordinary commencement clause with no transitional provision. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Pregabalin in Bahrain, full detail →

Psilocybin

Legal status: Controlled. Psilocybin is placed in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «PSILOCYBINE; 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]indole-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate». Psilocine and psilotsin are a separate entry in the same table, so both the phosphate ester and the free phenol are caught by name.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Psilocybin. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Psilocybin. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 1 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Psilocine and psilotsin are a separate entry in the same table, so both the phosphate ester and the free phenol are caught by name. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Psilocybin in Bahrain, full detail →

Quetiapine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Quetiapine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No antipsychotic appears in any of the twelve tables, which carry narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances of the 1971 Convention type, and precursors.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Quetiapine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Quetiapine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Quetiapine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Quetiapine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were quetiapine, Seroquel, dibenzothiazepine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Quetiapine in Bahrain, full detail →

Salvia divinorum

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Salvia divinorum is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Only four plants are prohibited, in Group I Schedule 5: Indian cannabis, poppy capsules or straw, all kinds of coca and all kinds of khat. This one is not among them and its active diterpene is not in the substance tables.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Salvia divinorum is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Salvia divinorum is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Salvia divinorum. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Salvia divinorum. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were Salvia divinorum, salvinorin A, diviner's sage. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Salvia divinorum in Bahrain, full detail →

Scopolamine (Devil's Breath)

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Scopolamine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Atropine sulfate appears in Group I Schedule 3 only as a constituent that makes a difenoxin or diphenoxylate preparation exempt, and no tropane alkaloid other than cocaine and ecgonine is listed in its own right.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Scopolamine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Scopolamine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Scopolamine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Scopolamine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were scopolamine, hyoscine, burundanga. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Scopolamine (Devil's Breath) in Bahrain, full detail →

Synthetic Cannabinoids (K2 / Spice)

Legal status: Controlled. The synthetic cannabinoids are placed in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Synthetic Cannabinoids». The decision adds the class by that name and gives it no definition and no member list, so the boundary of the class is not drawn anywhere in the published text. Three named synthetic cannabinoids, 5F-APINACA, MDMB-CHMICA and XLR-11, were separately added to Group II Schedule 2 by Decision 11 of 2020, which carries a different and much lower penalty.
Consequences if caught: Article 30(a) of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking conduct in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. The same paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases: a repeat offence, commission by a public official charged with fighting these crimes or with supervising or inspecting the substances, use of a person under twenty one, membership of or work for an international smuggling gang, and exploitation of authority or of a legal immunity. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years for paid transport, for diverting a licensed supply, for supplying or facilitating use and for running a place for use, with a fine of not less than 3,000 and not more than 30,000 dinars, and Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment in the same five cases. Article 32 covers the same schedules where the purpose is personal use, with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, and sets not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 57 forbids a court applying Article 72 of the Penal Code to go below ten years on Article 30 or on Article 31(b). The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for The synthetic cannabinoids. Article 38 lets the court order treatment instead of punishment under Article 32 first paragraph for a proved addict, and Article 42 bars prosecution of a user who presents for treatment before being caught or charged. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony, alongside death and imprisonment, its own wording being more than three years and not more than fifteen. Those figures are set out here because they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for The synthetic cannabinoids. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016 and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. The decision adds the class by that name and gives it no definition and no member list, so the boundary of the class is not drawn anywhere in the published text. Three named synthetic cannabinoids, 5F-APINACA, MDMB-CHMICA and XLR-11, were separately added to Group II Schedule 2 by Decision 11 of 2020, which carries a different and much lower penalty. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Synthetic Cannabinoids (K2 / Spice) in Bahrain, full detail →

THC-P

Legal status: Controlled. THC-P is reached, where it is made synthetically, through the undefined class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added; every isomer in the Group II Schedule 1 list carries a 3-pentyl side chain and tetrahydrocannabiphorol carries a 3-heptyl one, so that list does not reach it either. The entry relied on reads «Synthetic Cannabinoids» in Group I Schedule 1 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007. Under its own name it is not named in any of the twelve tables, so the answer here rests on that other entry rather than on a listing of its own.
Consequences if caught: For THC-P, whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established: reached, where it is made synthetically, through the undefined class entry that Decision 39 of 2016 added; every isomer in the Group II Schedule 1 list carries a 3-pentyl side chain and tetrahydrocannabiphorol carries a 3-heptyl one, so that list does not reach it either is a route the published text neither confirms nor closes off, and the article that would apply differs by a whole tier depending on the answer. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for THC-P. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for THC-P. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read and the name THC-P is not printed in any of them; the placement stated above is through the entry quoted, not through an entry bearing this row's own name. The terms searched were THCP, THC-P, tetrahydrocannabiphorol, 3-heptyl tetrahydrocannabinol. That sub-claim is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

THC-P in Bahrain, full detail →

Tobacco

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Tobacco is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. Only four plants are prohibited, in Group I Schedule 5: Indian cannabis, poppy capsules or straw, all kinds of coca and all kinds of khat. Bahrain regulates tobacco under a separate regime that was not read for this cell.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Tobacco is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Tobacco is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Tobacco. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Tobacco. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, shisha, waterpipe. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Tobacco in Bahrain, full detail →

Tramadol

Legal status: Controlled. Tramadol is placed in Group I Schedule 3 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «Tramadol». Group I Schedule 3 is the table of preparations exempted from some provisions, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the narcotic proportion in it exceeds the proportions fixed in that table. The decision adds tramadol as a bare name with no proportion, so the published text does not settle whether the Article 30 tier reaches it. Tramadol is the only opioid analgesic in the annex that is in neither Group I Schedule 1 nor Group I Schedule 2, and it is on no schedule of the 1961 Convention that the rest of Group I reproduces.
Consequences if caught: For Tramadol, whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established: Group I Schedule 3 is the table of preparations exempted from some provisions, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the narcotic proportion in it exceeds the proportions fixed in that table. The decision adds tramadol as a bare name with no proportion, so the published text does not settle whether the Article 30 tier reaches it. Tramadol is the only opioid analgesic in the annex that is in neither Group I Schedule 1 nor Group I Schedule 2, and it is on no schedule of the 1961 Convention that the rest of Group I reproduces. is a route the published text neither confirms nor closes off, and the article that would apply differs by a whole tier depending on the answer. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Tramadol. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Tramadol is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form, written in ink by a doctor licensed to practise in the Kingdom, carrying the patient's name, age, address and personal number and the quantity in both figures and words, under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007. That prescription is valid for three days for a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 narcotic drug. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group I Schedule 1, 2 or 4 substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment, and may not bring in any Group I or Group II substance that Bahraini pharmacies do not stock except on a prescription issued under the Law and after coordinating with the competent administration.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group I Schedule 3 of the annex, by Decision 39 of 2016 and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Group I Schedule 3 is the table of preparations exempted from some provisions, and Article 1 counts a Group I Schedule 3 item as a narcotic drug only where the narcotic proportion in it exceeds the proportions fixed in that table. The decision adds tramadol as a bare name with no proportion, so the published text does not settle whether the Article 30 tier reaches it. Tramadol is the only opioid analgesic in the annex that is in neither Group I Schedule 1 nor Group I Schedule 2, and it is on no schedule of the 1961 Convention that the rest of Group I reproduces. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Tramadol in Bahrain, full detail →

Xanax (Alprazolam)

Legal status: Controlled. Alprazolam is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «ALPRAZOLAM; 8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine». Thirty benzodiazepines are listed individually in this table and flunitrazepam sits one table higher, in Group II Schedule 3.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Alprazolam. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Alprazolam is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. Thirty benzodiazepines are listed individually in this table and flunitrazepam sits one table higher, in Group II Schedule 3. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Xanax (Alprazolam) in Bahrain, full detail →

Xylazine

Legal status: Not a controlled drug on the text read. Xylazine is not named in any of the twelve tables annexed to Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, nor in any of the three decisions that have amended them. No veterinary alpha-2 agonist is listed in any table, and the fentanyl analogues it is often found beside are all named individually in Group I Schedules 1 and 4.
Consequences if caught: Whether Bahrain's drug offences reach Xylazine is a question this cell does not answer, because the offences are built on the tables and Xylazine is in none of them; whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. What follows is therefore recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 30(a) punishes trafficking in the narcotic drugs of Group I Schedules 1, 2, 3 and 4, the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedule 1 and the plants of Group I Schedule 5 by death or life imprisonment. That paragraph adds a fine of not less than 5,000 and not more than 50,000 Bahraini dinars, and Article 30(b) makes the penalty death in five listed cases. Article 31(a) sets not less than ten years with a fine of 3,000 to 30,000 dinars, Article 31(b) raises that to life imprisonment, and Article 32 covers personal use of the same schedules with imprisonment and a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars, or not more than seven years with a fine of not more than 5,000 dinars where the purpose is neither trafficking nor personal use. Article 34 sets not more than five years with a fine of not more than 3,000 dinars for Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4, Article 35 not more than six months with a fine of not more than 100 dinars, and Article 36 imprisonment with a fine of not more than 1,000 dinars for the Group III precursors. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Xylazine. Article 57 forbids going below ten years on Article 30 or Article 31(b) when Article 72 of the Penal Code is applied. Article 49 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, attaches civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years to a felony and Article 50 civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years to a misdemeanour. They are set out that way because whether the offence reaches this row at all is exactly what was not established. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: The Law provides no prescription route for Xylazine. Article 23 lets a pharmacist dispense only a narcotic drug or a psychotropic substance on a Ministry of Health prescription form, and Article 26's traveller allowances are written for Group I and Group II medicines, so neither reaches this row.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. All twelve tables were read: Group I Schedules 1 to 6, Group II Schedules 1 to 4 and Group III Schedules 1 and 2, ending with the salts clause on the last annex page. The terms searched for this row were xylazine, 2-(2,6-dimethylphenylamino)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine. None of them returned an entry, and the annex carries no general analogue clause: the only class entries anywhere are the Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic CATHINONE entries that Decision 39 of 2016 added to Group I Schedule 1. This absence is stated as those schedules stand after Decision 14 of 2020, the last of the three amendments on the publisher's register for this Law, read on 22 September 2026. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Xylazine in Bahrain, full detail →

Zolpidem

Legal status: Controlled. Zolpidem is placed in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex, in Bahrain's Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, where the entry reads «ZOLPIDEM; N,N6-trimethyl-2-p-tolylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetamide». It is the last entry in the table as the annex was printed in 2007, and it is an imidazopyridine rather than a benzodiazepine.
Consequences if caught: Article 34 of Law 15 of 2007 punishes trafficking and the related commercial conduct in the psychotropic substances of Group II Schedules 2, 3 and 4 by imprisonment of not more than five years. The same article adds a fine of not more than 3,000 Bahraini dinars. Article 35 sets not more than six months for the same conduct done for personal use or without payment, with a fine of not more than 100 dinars. The Law states no quantity threshold anywhere, and no table states one for Zolpidem. Article 50 of the Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, puts civil deprivation of 1 to 3 years on a misdemeanour, which is the tier Article 35 sits in, while Article 49 puts civil deprivation of 3 to 15 years on a felony. Bahrain's published drug penalties also include Article 30, which carries death or life imprisonment with a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 dinars, and Article 30(b), which makes the penalty death in five listed cases; but this row is placed outside that regime, so they are recorded as Bahrain's published drug penalties and not as this substance's exposure. Article 51 makes confiscation of the substance, the equipment and any vehicle prepared for the purpose mandatory in every case. Article 54 lets the court add permanent deportation of a foreign national to the sentence. Bahraini courts have passed drug death sentences, including in a 2019 smuggling case, and executions for drug offences have not been carried out, sentences being commonly commuted; that last point is carried forward from the cell this replaces and was not re-derived here.
If prescribed / medical: Zolpidem is dispensable in Bahrain only against a prescription on a Ministry of Health form under Article 23 of Law 15 of 2007, and that prescription is valid for seven days for a psychotropic substance rather than the three days a Group I narcotic gets. Article 24 requires a prescription covering more than a month of use to be dispensed in two instalments. A patient who has been treated abroad may bring in a treatment quantity of a Group II substance for not more than one week from the date of entry, under Article 26(c), against a prescription approved by the competent authorities in the country of treatment.
Documentation: The version read for this cell is the annex to Law 15 of 2007 as printed in Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007 at pages 20 to 34, together with the publisher's amendment register for the Law, which on 22 September 2026 listed exactly three amendments and showed a site update of 17 September 2026. The register does not certify that no other instrument exists, so the consolidation is silent on that stronger point. The power that moves these tables is article 4 of the Law, which lets the Council of Ministers add to the attached schedules or change their percentages on the Minister's proposal after a committee of specialists approves, so the list can move without a new Law and all three amendments so far were made that way. The twelve tables reproduce the convention lists: the Group I Schedule 3 heading names Schedule III of the 1961 Convention in its English line and the 1971 Convention in its Arabic line, which is a mismatch inside the Gazette itself, Group II carries the four schedules of the 1971 Convention, and Group III mirrors the two tables of the 1988 Convention down to the note excluding the salts of hydrochloric and sulphuric acid. The entry for this row sits in Group II Schedule 4 of the annex and was read on the rendered Gazette page rather than taken from a text layer, because the published file is a scan with no extractable text. It is the last entry in the table as the annex was printed in 2007, and it is an imidazopyridine rather than a benzodiazepine. The group and schedule placement stated here is not printed in the quotation column of the dossier this lane was given: that column carries a bare entry name on its placement rows and a synthesised Arabic search record on its absence rows, and no group marker on any of its 88 rows, so every placement in this batch was read from the Gazette annex page instead. Bahrain's drug law carries capital exposure, and which offences reach it is set out in the street section of this cell rather than recited as a general fact about the country.

lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · lloc.gov.bh · Law 15 of 2007 on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Official Gazette 2804 of 16 August 2007, annex at pages 20 to 34, read 22 September 2026 · Decision 39 of 2016, Official Gazette 3276 of 25 August 2016 · Decision 11 of 2020, Official Gazette 3480 of 16 July 2020 · Decision 14 of 2020, Official Gazette 3492 of 8 October 2020 · Penal Code, Decree-Law No. 15 of 1976, Articles 49 and 50 · the 2019 drug death sentence and the commutation practice are carried forward from the cell this replaces and were not re-derived · Updated September 21, 2026

Zolpidem in Bahrain, full detail →