Legal status in Suriname

Per-substance legal status for Suriname, from sourced statutes where available. Legal information, not legal advice; drug laws change, so confirm with the destination’s embassy or drug authority before you travel.

64 confirmed substances24 not individually verifiedLast updated October 4, 2026

Confirmed legal status

2-FDCK

Legal status: Illegal. 2-FDCK is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances'. 2-FDCK, 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexan-1-one, is ketamine with the chlorine on the phenyl ring replaced by fluorine, so it has ketamine's own 2-aryl-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone skeleton and differs from it by that one halogen. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '2-FDCK', 'fluorodeschloroketamine', 'fluoro' and 'ketamine'. Only the Tabel III label returns. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. Ketamine was on no list until S.B. 2018 no. 64 added Tabel III. 2-FDCK is an arylcyclohexylamine, the class that phencyclidine itself defines, so it is inside the label whether the label is read as ketamine type or as phencyclidine type substances. It is not named in lijst I or lijst II, so the Tabel III label governs it. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

Wet verdovende middelen, S.B. 1998 no. 14, text as amended by S.B. 2002 no. 68, articles 1 to 14 and the annexed lijst I and lijst II, https://www.dna.sr/media/34ygwacb/wet_verdovende_middelen.pdf · Wet van 13 juli 2018, S.B. 2018 no. 64, houdende nadere wijziging van de Wet Verdovende Middelen, articles I and II and the annexed lijst III, https://www.dna.sr/media/bn3hqm5l/sb_2018___64.pdf · Wet van 6 september 2018, S.B. 2018 no. 65, https://www.dna.sr/media/j5pdybrl/sb_2018___65.pdf · Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, articles 1, 19, 26, 27 and 29, https://www.sris.sr/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/S.B.-2023-no.-137-Wet-Industriele-Hennepteelt.pdf · Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44, articles 9, 11 and 40, https://www.sris.sr/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/23.S.B._2015_no._44_wet_van_30_mrt_15_wijz._wetboek_van_strafrecht.pdf · all read on 3 October 2026 · Updated October 4, 2026

2-FDCK in Suriname, full detail →

25I-NBOMe

Legal status: Illegal. 25I-NBOMe is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Phenethylamines'. 25I-NBOMe, 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine, is 2C-I with a 2-methoxybenzyl group on the nitrogen; the benzene ring carrying the 2-aminoethyl chain, the phenethylamine skeleton, is intact and the nitrogen substituent does not change it. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '25I-NBOMe', 'NBOMe', 'methoxybenzyl' and 'iodo'. None returns a matching entry. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. No N-benzyl phenethylamine is named in lijst I or lijst II. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

25I-NBOMe in Suriname, full detail →

2C-B

Legal status: Illegal. 2C-B is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Phenethylamines'. 2C-B, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a benzene ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain, which is the phenethylamine skeleton itself, with methoxy groups at positions 2 and 5 and bromine at position 4. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '2C-B', 'bromo', 'dimethoxyfenethylamine' and 'brolamfetamine'. Only 'Brolamfetamine' returns, and it is DOB. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'Brolamfetamine' at lijst I onderdeel C is DOB, the alpha-methyl compound, a different drug, and that part has no analogue clause, so the Brolamfetamine entry does not reach 2C-B and must not be read as its listing. The Tabel III label is what reaches it. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

2C-B in Suriname, full detail →

2C-E

Legal status: Illegal. 2C-E is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Phenethylamines'. 2C-E, 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a benzene ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain, the phenethylamine skeleton, with methoxy groups at positions 2 and 5 and an ethyl group at position 4. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '2C-E', 'ethyl-2,5-dimethoxy' and 'DOET'. Only 'DOET' returns, and it is not 2C-E. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'DOET' at lijst I onderdeel C is the corresponding alpha-methyl compound, an amphetamine and a different substance, and that part has no analogue clause, so it does not reach 2C-E. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

2C-E in Suriname, full detail →

2C-I

Legal status: Illegal. 2C-I is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Phenethylamines'. 2C-I, 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a benzene ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain, the phenethylamine skeleton, with methoxy groups at positions 2 and 5 and iodine at position 4. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '2C-I', 'iodo', 'jodo' and 'dimethoxy'. None returns a matching entry. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. No iodinated compound is named in lijst I or lijst II, and the 2,5-dimethoxy amphetamines that are named at lijst I onderdeel C, such as 'DOET' and 'Brolamfetamine', are alpha-methyl compounds and different substances. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

2C-I in Suriname, full detail →

2C-T-7

Legal status: Illegal. 2C-T-7 is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Phenethylamines'. 2C-T-7, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(propylthio)phenethylamine, is a benzene ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain, the phenethylamine skeleton, with methoxy groups at positions 2 and 5 and a propylthio group at position 4. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '2C-T-7', 'propylthio', 'thio' and 'dimethoxy'. None returns a matching entry. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. No sulphur bearing phenethylamine is named in lijst I or lijst II. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

2C-T-7 in Suriname, full detail →

3-MMC

Legal status: Illegal. 3-MMC is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Synthetic Cathinones'. 3-MMC, 3-methylmethcathinone, is cathinone with an N-methyl and a methyl group at the 3 position of the phenyl ring, the positional isomer of mephedrone. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '3-MMC', 'metafedron', 'methylmethcathinon' and 'cathinon'. Only the two parent entries return. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'Cathinon' at lijst I onderdeel C and 'Cathine' at lijst II onderdeel A part 1 name only those two compounds and neither part has an isomer or analogue clause, so neither reaches 3-MMC. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

3-MMC in Suriname, full detail →

4-AcO-DMT

Legal status: Illegal. 4-AcO-DMT is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Tryptamines'. 4-AcO-DMT, 4-acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, is an indole ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain at position 3, the tryptamine skeleton, with an acetoxy group at position 4; it is the acetate ester of psilocin. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '4-AcO-DMT', 'psilacetin', 'acetoxy' and 'psilocine'. Only 'Psilocine' returns. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'Psilocine' is printed at lijst I onderdeel C, but that part closes only with 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten' and, unlike lijst I onderdeel A, carries no ester clause, so the psilocine entry does not reach its ester and the Tabel III label does. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

4-AcO-DMT in Suriname, full detail →

4-HO-MET

Legal status: Illegal. 4-HO-MET is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Tryptamines'. 4-HO-MET, 4-hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine, is an indole ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain at position 3, the tryptamine skeleton, with a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methyl and an ethyl on the nitrogen; it is the N-ethyl homologue of psilocin. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '4-HO-MET', 'metocin', 'hydroxy' and 'psilocine'. Only 'Psilocine' returns. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'Psilocine' at lijst I onderdeel C names psilocin alone, with no homologue or derivative clause, so it does not reach 4-HO-MET and the Tabel III label does. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

4-HO-MET in Suriname, full detail →

5-MeO-DMT (Bufo / Toad)

Legal status: Illegal. 5-MeO-DMT is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Tryptamines'. 5-MeO-DMT, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, is an indole ring carrying a 2-aminoethyl chain at position 3, which is the tryptamine skeleton itself, with a methoxy group at position 5 and two methyls on the nitrogen. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '5-MeO-DMT', 'methoxy', 'dimethyltryptamine', 'bufotenine' and 'DMT'. Only 'DMT' returns, at lijst I onderdeel C. Neither bufotenine nor any toad or plant material is named, and article 2, the cultivation provision, names only the opium poppy, the coca plants and Cannabis. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'DMT' is printed at lijst I onderdeel C, but that part closes only with a preparations clause and has no isomer, ester or derivative clause, so the DMT entry names DMT alone and does not reach the 5-methoxy compound. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

5-MeO-DMT (Bufo / Toad) in Suriname, full detail →

6-APB

Legal status: Illegal. 6-APB is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Phenethylamines'. 6-APB, 1-(1-benzofuran-6-yl)propan-2-amine, is a benzene ring carrying a 2-aminopropyl chain, the alpha-methyl phenethylamine skeleton of amphetamine, with a furan ring fused to the benzene ring; the fused ring no more takes it outside the class than the methylenedioxy ring of MDMA or methylone does. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as '6-APB', 'benzofuran', 'benzofuranyl', 'aminopropyl' and 'amfetamine'. The last returns the amphetamines at lijst I onderdeel D, 'Brolamfetamine' and 'MDA (tenamfetamine)' at lijst I onderdeel C and 'Etilamfetamine' at lijst II onderdeel A part 2, and none of them is 6-APB. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. No benzofuran is named in lijst I or lijst II. The amphetamines named at lijst I onderdeel D, 'Amfetamine', 'Dexamfetamine' and 'Metamfetamine' among them, are single named compounds, and that part closes only with a preparations clause, so none of those entries reaches 6-APB and the Tabel III label does. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

6-APB in Suriname, full detail →

Adderall

Legal status: Illegal, resolved through its two active substances rather than through its brand name. No brand name appears anywhere in this act. Lijst I onderdeel D prints 'Amfetamine' and 'Dexamfetamine' as the first two entries in that part, and a mixed amphetamine salts product contains both. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'adderall', 'amfetamine', 'dexamfetamine' and 'amfetaminezouten'. The brand name and the compound salts term return nothing; the two substance names return the two entries. Two features of the act settle the row without any inference. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act, so the aspartate and saccharate salts in the product are the substances themselves. Onderdeel D then closes with 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and a mixed salt tablet is such a preparation. Levoamphetamine, the other half of the mixture, is also separately named in the same part as 'Lavamfetamine'. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: This is a prescribed medicine for attention deficit disorder in many countries and the traveller question is the live one. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A prescription from another country is evidence towards article 7 lid 3 and is not a permit under article 6. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Wet verdovende middelen, S.B. 1998 no. 14, gelijk zij luidt na de daarin aangebrachte wijzigingen bij S.B. 2002 no. 68, articles 1 to 14 and the annexed lijst I and lijst II, read as at S.B. 2002 no. 68, the last amendment carried in the text consulted · https://www.dna.sr/media/34ygwacb/wet_verdovende_middelen.pdf, published by De Nationale Assemblee, the National Assembly of Suriname · consulted 22 September 2026 · Updated October 2, 2026

Adderall in Suriname, full detail →

Alcohol

Legal status: This act does not reach it. Ethanol is not listed in either annex to the Wet verdovende middelen and no beverage is named anywhere in the fourteen articles or in the two annexes. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'alcohol', 'ethanol', 'ethylalcohol' and 'drank'. All four return nothing. The two annexes reproduce the schedules of the Enkelvoudig Verdrag of 1961 and of the Psychotrope Stoffen Verdrag of 1971, and alcohol is on neither, so there is no part of the lists in which it would sit. The wording of article 3 lid 2 a is wide, reaching bewustzijnbeïnvloedende middelen which on use in a person can lead to harm to their health and to society, but no designation was located and designating alcohol under a narcotics act would be an extraordinary step. Whatever governs its sale, its age limits and driving under its influence in Suriname is separate product and traffic law, which was not read here. No offence in this act reaches it, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to lijst I, to lijst II or to a designation made under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, and this substance is on neither list. The act carries no analogue limb and no definition by effect. The bands in article 11, which run from at most seven years for a non-intentional lijst II possession up to levenslange gevangenisstraf for an intentional supply or import, therefore have nothing to attach to on this row.
If prescribed / medical: This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: No controlled drug documentation duty arises under this act, because the substance is outside it. Carry any prescribed medicine in its original packaging with the prescription in the ordinary way. No local traveller permit scheme under this act was established here, and the text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Alcohol in Suriname, full detail →

Amphetamine

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel D prints the entry as 'Amfetamine', in the Dutch spelling with an f, at the head of that part, followed by 'Dexamfetamine' and 'Fenetylline'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'amfetamine', 'amphetamine' and 'anfetamina'. Only the Dutch spelling returns, which is the single most consequential spelling point in this batch: the ph and the Spanish spellings are both absent from the text. Onderdeel D goes on to name 'Lavamfetamine', 'Levomethamfetamine', 'Metamfetamine' and 'Metamfetamine racemaat' separately, so the stereochemical forms are listed one by one rather than swept in by an isomer clause, and onderdeel D has no isomer clause. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts with the substance, so the sulphate is inside the entry. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Amphetamine and dexamfetamine are both prescribed medicines, and both are named. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A traveller on a prescribed amphetamine should read the import limb below rather than the possession limb. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Amphetamine in Suriname, full detail →

Ayahuasca

Legal status: Illegal, through its active constituent and through the clause that carries preparations. The brew is not named and no plant of it is named, but lijst I onderdeel C prints 'DMT' and closes with 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above. A brew containing DMT is such a preparation. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'ayahuasca', 'banisteriopsis', 'psychotria', 'harmine' and 'DMT'. The first four return nothing: the act names no plant at all except the three genera in article 2, and it names no harmala alkaloid, so the monoamine oxidase inhibitor half of the brew is outside the annex entirely. Only the DMT half is caught, and it is caught as a preparation rather than as a plant. Article 2, the cultivation ban, names Papaver Somniferum (L), Canabis Sativa (L) and the Erythroxylaceën and nothing else, so growing the vine or the leaf is not an article 2 offence. That leaves the entry doing all the work: a brew that on analysis contains DMT is a preparation containing a lijst I substance and is inside article 3. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal or ceremonial exemption of any kind appears in the act. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Article 3 lid 5 lets a Staatsbesluit designate cases where the prohibitions do not apply, and no such Staatsbesluit was located. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Ayahuasca in Suriname, full detail →

Barbiturates

Legal status: Illegal, and the class word is not what does it. 'Barbituraten' appears nowhere in the act. Twelve individual barbiturates are printed, across three different parts of the two lists. Lijst I onderdeel D prints 'Secobarbital'. Lijst II onderdeel A part 1 prints 'Amobarbital', 'Butalbital', 'Cyclobarbital' and 'Pentobarbital'. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2 prints 'Allobarbital', 'Barbital', 'Butobarbital', 'Methylphenobarbital', 'Phenobarbital', 'Secbutabarbital' and 'Vinylbital'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. No barbiturate has a row of its own in this corpus, so the class was resolved by reading both lists straight through rather than member by member, and the twelve names above are the result. The split matters and no other row in this batch has it. Secobarbital is the only one on lijst I, so possessing it is article 3 lid 1 under C at at most thirteen years while supplying or manufacturing it is article 11 lid 1 and life exposed. The other eleven are on lijst II, where supply, possession and manufacture are all article 11 lid 3 at at most thirteen years and only the import, export and transit limb is life exposed. 'Gluthethimide', 'Ethchlorvynol', 'Ethinamaat', 'Meprobamaat' and 'Methyprylon' are printed among them and are sedatives of other chemical classes rather than barbiturates. The limit of the finding is that a barbiturate outside those twelve names is not caught by name, because neither part carries a class or analogue limb. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Phenobarbital in particular is an ordinary anticonvulsant that a traveller may be carrying. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Which band applies depends on which of the twelve substances the medicine contains. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Barbiturates in Suriname, full detail →

Benzodiazepines

Legal status: Illegal for five of the six members this corpus carries separately, and the sixth is not named at all. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2, the part carrying the substances appearing on schedule IV of the Psychotrope Stoffen Verdrag, prints 'Alprazolam', 'Clonazepam', 'Diazepam', 'Lorazepam' and 'Nimetazepam' among some thirty benzodiazepine entries. It does not print etizolam, which is a thienodiazepine and has its own row here. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. The class was resolved member by member against the six members this corpus carries, which are alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, etizolam, lorazepam and nimetazepam, and five of the six returned an entry. The wider list printed in that part runs 'Bromazepam', 'Camazepam', 'Chlordiazepoxide', 'Clobazam', 'Chlorazepaat', 'Clotiazepam', 'Cloxazolam', 'Delorazepam', 'Estazolam', 'Ethyl-loflazepaat', 'Fludiazepam', 'Flunitrazepam', 'Flurazepam', 'Halazepam', 'Haloxazolam', 'Ketazolam', 'Loprazolam', 'Lormetazepam', 'Medazepam', 'Midazolam', 'Nitrazepam', 'Nordazepam', 'Oxazepam', 'Oxazolam', 'Pinazepam', 'Prazepam', 'Temazepam', 'Tetrazepam' and 'Triazolam'. Every one of those is a name and the part carries no class limb, so the answer for a benzodiazepine turns entirely on whether its own name is printed. The band is the lijst II band, which means the cross border limb is the heavy one. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: These are among the most commonly carried prescription medicines in the world and the traveller question is the live one for every member. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: The member matters: a medicine containing a benzodiazepine that is not on the printed list is a different question from one that is. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Benzodiazepines in Suriname, full detail →

Buprenorphine

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst II onderdeel A part 1 prints the entry as 'Buprenorphine', the second of eight entries in the part that carries the substances appearing on schedule III of the Psychotrope Stoffen Verdrag. It is between 'Amobarbital' and 'Butalbital'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'buprenorphine', 'buprenorfine' and 'buprenorfina'. Only the ph spelling returns; the Dutch f spelling and the Spanish form are both absent. The eight entries in that part are 'Amobarbital', 'Buprenorphine', 'Butalbital', 'Cathine', 'Cyclobarbital', 'Gluthethimide', 'Pentazocine' and 'Pentobarbital', so an opioid, a stimulant alkaloid, four sedatives and a barbiturate sit together in one alphabetical block with nothing to mark which is which. The part closes with a preparations clause alone, which carries a sublingual tablet or film, and a buprenorphine and naloxone combination is a preparation containing the substance. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Buprenorphine is dispensed both as an analgesic and as an opioid substitution treatment. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Anyone on a substitution programme should read the import limb below, because it is the limb that carries life exposure for a lijst II substance. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Buprenorphine in Suriname, full detail →

Caffeine

Legal status: This act does not reach it. Caffeine is not listed in either annex to the Wet verdovende middelen and is not named in any part of either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'cafeïne', 'caffeine', 'coffeïne' and 'koffie'. All four return nothing, in any spelling. The annexes carry the 1961 and 1971 convention schedules and caffeine is on neither of them and never has been. There is no part of either list where a food ingredient of this kind would be placed, and the act contains no general stimulant provision, only the individually named entries at lijst I onderdeel D and lijst II onderdeel A part 2. Food and medicines regulation is a separate body of law and was not read here. No offence in this act reaches it, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to lijst I, to lijst II or to a designation made under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, and this substance is on neither list. The act carries no analogue limb and no definition by effect. The bands in article 11, which run from at most seven years for a non-intentional lijst II possession up to levenslange gevangenisstraf for an intentional supply or import, therefore have nothing to attach to on this row.
If prescribed / medical: This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: No controlled drug documentation duty arises under this act, because the substance is outside it. Carry any prescribed medicine in its original packaging with the prescription in the ordinary way. No local traveller permit scheme under this act was established here, and the text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Caffeine in Suriname, full detail →

Cannabis / THC

Legal status: Illegal, and it is on both lists at once, which the act does deliberately. Lijst II onderdeel B prints the definition: 'Hennep, waaronder wordt begrepen elk deel van de plant van het geslacht Cannabis, waaraan de hars nog niet is onttrokken, onverschillig welke de benaming in de handel ook zij; alsmede gebruikelijke vaste mengsels van hennephars en plantaardige elementen van hennep (zoals hashish, esrar, chiras, jamba, ganja en marihuana), waaraan geen andere substanties zijn toegevoegd', hemp, meaning every part of a plant of the genus Cannabis from which the resin has not yet been extracted, whatever it is called in trade, and the usual solid mixtures of hemp resin and plant material such as hashish, esrar, chiras, jamba, ganja and marihuana, to which no other substance has been added. Lijst I onderdeel A then closes with 'Elk preparaat dat hennephars omvat, met uitzondering van vaste mengsels, omschreven op lijst II, onderdeel B', every preparation containing hemp resin except the solid mixtures described in lijst II onderdeel B, and lijst I onderdeel C prints 'Tetrahydrocannabinol' with footnote 10, 'Met inbegrip van de (stereo-) isomeren'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'hennep', 'cannabis', 'hasjiesj', 'hars' and 'tetrahydrocannabinol'. The routing that comes out of those searches is the most important thing on this page and no other row in the batch has it. Herbal cannabis and ordinary hashish are lijst II, so under article 11 lid 3 possession, supply and transport all carry at most thirteen years. A resin preparation that is not one of those solid mixtures, which is to say an oil, an extract or an edible, falls under the closing clause of lijst I onderdeel A and is therefore a lijst I middel, so supply and manufacture of it carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1. Isolated tetrahydrocannabinol is lijst I by its own entry at onderdeel C. And whichever list the material is on, importing or exporting it is article 11 lid 1, because that provision reaches limb A of article 4 lid 1 as well as of article 3 lid 1. Growing it is separate again: article 2 forbids telen, cultivating, 'Canabis Sativa (L)', printed with one n, and article 11 lid 1 reaches article 2, so cultivation is life exposed. The hemp definition sets no tetrahydrocannabinol threshold of any kind, so a low potency plant is inside it on the same terms as any other. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Any medicinal cannabis question runs through the list the material is on, and there are three possible answers rather than one. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: There is no tolerated quantity, no coffee shop rule and no personal use tier anywhere in this act. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Cannabis / THC in Suriname, full detail →

Cathinone

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'Cathinon', between 'Brolamfetamine' and 'DET'. Onderdeel C carries the substances that appear on schedule I of the Psychotrope Stoffen Verdrag, the Psychotropic Substances Convention. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'cathinon', 'cathinone', 'catinona' and 'cathine'. The Spanish form returns nothing. The fourth term returns a different entry in a different list: 'Cathine' sits on lijst II onderdeel A part 1, among the schedule III psychotropics, and is the weaker of the two khat alkaloids. So the two alkaloids of the same leaf are split across the two lists and take different bands. Onderdeel C closes with a preparations clause only, and carries no isomer, ester or analogue limb, so a substituted cathinone is not inside this entry by being a cathinone. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Cathinone has no medicinal form, so the recept route is formal rather than practical here. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: The traveller question this row really raises is about khat leaf, which is a separate row. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Cathinone in Suriname, full detail →

Clonazepam

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2 prints the entry as 'Clonazepam', between 'Clobazam' and 'Chlorazepaat'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'clonazepam', 'klonazepam' and 'rivotril'. Only the first returns. The alphabetical run around it is out of order in the printed text, because 'Chlorazepaat' is filed after 'Clobazam' and 'Clonazepam' rather than under C-h where a reader would look for it, and 'Chlordiazepoxide' sits higher up under C-h as expected. So the same digraph is filed two different ways within nine lines, and a reader scanning the column alphabetically can miss an entry. 'Nitrazepam' and 'Nimetazepam', the other nitro compounds, are printed separately further down. The part closes with a preparations clause and carries no class limb. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Clonazepam is dispensed as an anticonvulsant and for panic disorder. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Long term anticonvulsant use is the common traveller case for this entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Clonazepam in Suriname, full detail →

Cocaine

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints the entry as 'Cocaïne' and hangs footnote 5 on it, 'Waaronder begrepen ruwe cocaïne', including raw cocaine. Coca leaf is a separate entry two lines above it, printed 'Coca blad', and 'Ecgonine' follows with footnote 6, 'Met inbegrip van de esters en derivaten die kunnen worden omgezet in ecgonine en cocaïne', including the esters and derivatives that can be converted into ecgonine and cocaine. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'cocaine', 'cocaïne', 'coca' and 'ecgonine'. The entry sits in the alphabetical run between 'Coca blad' and 'Cocoxim'. Onderdeel A is the one part of the annex that carries the wide closing clauses: the isomers of the substances named above, their esters and ethers, their salts including the salts of those esters, ethers and isomers, and preparations containing any of them. So a cocaine preparation and a cocaine salt are inside the entry without more. Article 2 is separate and it bites on the plant: it forbids growing Erythroxylon coca (Lamarck), Erythroxylon Novogranatense (Morris), Hieronymus and other Erythroxylaceën from whose leaf cocaine can be made directly or indirectly, and article 11 lid 1 reaches article 2, so cultivation carries the same life exposure as trafficking. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Cocaine is on lijst I, so the article 3 machinery and the article 5 recept route both apply to it. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Cocaine has a recognised medical use as a topical anaesthetic, and any supply of it in Suriname runs through article 7 lid 2. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Cocaine in Suriname, full detail →

Codeine

Legal status: Illegal. The entry is printed 'Codeïne', and it is not in the same part of the annex as the strong opiates: it heads lijst I onderdeel B, which the annex describes as 'Substanties, voorkomende op lijst II bedoeld in artikel 2, tweede lid van het Enkelvoudig Verdrag', substances appearing on schedule II of the Single Convention. Onderdeel B is still part of lijst I for the purposes of article 3, so the offences and the bands are the same as for onderdeel A. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'codeïne', 'codeine' and 'codeina'. The Spanish spelling returns nothing. Onderdeel B holds ten entries and every one of them is a codeine or a weak opioid: 'Acetyldihydrocodeïne', 'Codeïne', 'Dextropropoxyfeen', 'Dihydrocodeïne', 'Ethylmorphine', 'Nicocodine', 'Nicodicodine', 'Norcodeïne', 'Pholcodine' and 'Propiram'. Its closing clauses are narrower than onderdeel A: it adds the isomers, the salts including the salts of the isomers, and preparations containing any of them, and it carries no ester or ether limb. Codeine also appears once inside onderdeel A, in footnote 7 to 'Morphine methobromide', which names codeïne-N-oxide as an example of a quaternary nitrogen morphine derivative. There is no low dose exception: a codeine cough preparation is a preparation containing a listed substance and is inside the entry. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Codeine is the substance in this set most likely to be in a traveller's bag as an ordinary pharmacy medicine. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A codeine preparation bought over the counter elsewhere is still a preparation containing a lijst I substance here. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Codeine in Suriname, full detail →

Crack Cocaine

Legal status: Illegal, once it is identified as cocaine. No entry of this name appears, and none needs to: crack is cocaine in its free base form and lijst I onderdeel A prints 'Cocaïne' with footnote 5, 'Waaronder begrepen ruwe cocaïne', including raw cocaine. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'crack', 'base', 'vrije base' and 'cocaïne'. The first three return nothing anywhere in the act, which names no dosage form and no street preparation of anything. What settles the row is the closing clause of onderdeel A, which brings in the salts of the substances named above and preparations containing them; a base and its hydrochloride are the same entry on either limb, so the form a sample is smoked in changes nothing about its placement. What it does change is proof: the offence has to be proved against the entry 'Cocaïne', so an analysis is doing the work rather than the label. Article 2, which forbids growing the coca plant, is upstream of this row rather than part of it. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Crack is a form in which cocaine is taken and has no medicinal form, so the article 5 recept route is of no practical use to this row, although it applies to cocaine as such. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: No traveller carries this lawfully. The paragraph below is stated because the entry it rests on, cocaine, does have a medical use. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Crack Cocaine in Suriname, full detail →

Delta-8-THC

Legal status: Controlled through the tetrahydrocannabinol entry, on a reading of its footnote that is set out below and that a reader should see rather than take on trust. Lijst I onderdeel C prints 'Tetrahydrocannabinol' and hangs footnote 10 on it: 'Met inbegrip van de (stereo-) isomeren', including the (stereo)isomers. Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol is an isomer of the delta-9 compound, differing only in the position of one double bond, and on the natural reading of a footnote written as 'the (stereo)isomers' it is inside the entry. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'delta-8', 'delta', 'tetrahydrocannabinol' and 'isomeren'. The bracketed prefix in footnote 10 is the whole question and it is worth being honest about: read narrowly, as stereoisomers alone, the footnote would not reach a double bond positional isomer; read as it is printed, with the prefix bracketed, it reaches the isomers generally. The second reading is taken here because that is what the brackets do to the word. Two further routes make the practical answer firmer than that reading alone. Plant material containing the compound is hennep under lijst II onderdeel B, which covers every part of a Cannabis plant from which the resin has not been extracted and sets no potency threshold. An extract or a vape oil containing hemp resin falls under the closing clause of lijst I onderdeel A. So a converted product made from hemp is reached by the resin preparation clause even if the isomer argument were rejected, and only a synthetic sample made from something other than the plant turns entirely on footnote 10. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No authorised medicinal form of this isomer was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A product sold lawfully elsewhere as a hemp derivative is not lawful here on that account. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Delta-8-THC in Suriname, full detail →

Diazepam

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2 prints the entry as 'Diazepam', between 'Delorazepam' and 'Estazolam'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'diazepam' and 'valium'. The brand name returns nothing, as no brand name appears anywhere in this act. The neighbour to watch is 'Delorazepam', printed immediately above it, which a substring search for the shorter name will also return and which is a different medicine. 'Nordazepam', the active metabolite, is printed further down as an entry of its own, so the parent and the metabolite are separately named rather than one being read into the other. The part closes with a preparations clause, so an oral solution or a rectal tube is inside the entry, and article 1 lid 2 brings in the salts. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Diazepam is dispensed for anxiety, muscle spasm and seizures. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A rescue medication carried for seizures is still a preparation containing a listed substance. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Diazepam in Suriname, full detail →

DMT

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'DMT', in the run between 'DMHP' and 'DOET'. 'DET' is a separate entry two lines above it. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'DMT', 'dimethyltryptamine' and 'dimetiltriptamina'. Only the three letter abbreviation returns; the act prints no chemical name for it and no Spanish form. Onderdeel C closes with 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and that clause is what carries a plant brew or an extract into the entry. It has no derivative limb, which is why the methoxy and acetoxy tryptamines sold today are separate questions from this one rather than answered by it. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: There is no medicinal form of this substance in ordinary use. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: The preparations clause is the part of this entry a traveller is most likely to meet. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

DMT in Suriname, full detail →

DOM

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'STP (DOM)', putting the street abbreviation first and the chemical abbreviation in brackets, which is the reverse of how most sources write it. It sits between 'Rolicyclidine' and 'Tenocyclidine (TCP)'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'DOM', 'STP' and 'dimethoxymethylamfetamine'. The first two return the same single entry and the third returns nothing. The order in which the two abbreviations are printed is the practical point: a search for the chemical name alone finds the entry only because it is inside the brackets, and a reader scanning the column for DOM in the alphabetical position where it belongs would pass it, because the entry is filed under S. 'DMA', 'DOET' and 'TMA' are the neighbouring substituted amphetamines and each is separately named. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal form of this substance is in ordinary use. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Nothing in the act treats a hallucinogen differently from any other onderdeel C entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

DOM in Suriname, full detail →

DXM

Legal status: Named in the act, and named in order to be excluded. Lijst I onderdeel A closes with an isomer clause reading 'De isomeren van vorengenoemde substanties in alle gevallen waarin deze isomeren kunnen bestaan overeenkomstig de specifieke chemische aanduiding, met uitzondering van Dextrometorphan en Dextrorphan', the isomers of the substances named above in every case where such isomers can exist according to the specific chemical designation, with the exception of Dextrometorphan and Dextrorphan. Dextromethorphan is therefore carved out of the one clause that would otherwise have caught it. It is not listed anywhere else in either annex. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'dextrometorphan', 'dextromethorphan' and 'DXM'. The first returns the exclusion and the other two return nothing. The carve-out is not decorative. 'Levometorphan', 'Racemetorphan', 'Levorphanol' and 'Racemorphan' are all printed as entries of onderdeel A, and dextromethorphan is the dextro isomer of racemethorphan, so without the exception the isomer clause would have made it a lijst I narcotic. The drafter saw that and wrote it out, along with dextrorphan, its active metabolite. This is the only substance in the whole batch whose position rests on an express exclusion rather than on a listing or on silence, and it is a stronger finding than an absence for that reason. What it does not settle is whether some later Staatsbesluit has designated it under article 3 lid 2, which is a separate question from the annex. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. No offence in this act reaches it on the text read. Every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to lijst I, to lijst II or to a designation made under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, and the only place this substance appears in either annex is in the sentence that takes it out of the lijst I onderdeel A isomer clause. The bands in article 11, which run from at most seven years up to levenslange gevangenisstraf, therefore have nothing to attach to on this row.
If prescribed / medical: Dextromethorphan is sold as a cough suppressant, often without prescription. This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: Nothing in this act requires documentation for it, and a cough preparation containing it is not a preparation containing a listed substance. No controlled drug documentation duty arises under this act, because the substance is outside it. Carry any prescribed medicine in its original packaging with the prescription in the ordinary way. No local traveller permit scheme under this act was established here, and the text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

DXM in Suriname, full detail →

Fentanyl

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints 'Fentanyl' as an entry of its own and then names nine of its analogues individually: 'Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl', 'Alpha-methylfentanyl', 'Alpha-methylthiofentanyl', 'Beta-hydroxyfentanyl', 'Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl', '3-methylfentanyl', '3-methylthiofentanyl', 'Para-fluor (o)fentanyl' and 'Thiofentanyl'. 'Alfentanil' and 'Sufentanil' are separate entries again. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'fentanyl', 'fentanil' and 'carfentanil'. The Spanish and English spelling fentanilo returns nothing, and neither does carfentanil, which is the point of this row: the act reaches fentanyl analogues by naming them one at a time, eleven times over, and it has no analogue limb to catch a twelfth. A fentanyl analogue that is not in that list of names is not inside the entry 'Fentanyl' merely by being one, although the isomer clause at the close of onderdeel A will reach a true isomer of a named one. The list was closed in 2002 and most of the fentanyl analogues now in circulation post-date it. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Fentanyl is a hospital and palliative care analgesic and reaches travellers as a patch. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A patch is a preparation containing the substance and sits inside the entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Fentanyl in Suriname, full detail →

Heroin

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints the entry as 'Heroïne', with no footnote and no qualifying words, in the run between 'Furethidine' and 'Hydrocodon'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'heroïne', 'heroine', 'diacetylmorfine' and 'diamorfine'. Only the first returns anything: the act names the drug by that one word and prints no synonym for it, so the diacetylmorphine and diamorphine spellings a traveller may meet on a label are not in the text. The esters and ethers clause at the close of onderdeel A matters here in the other direction, because heroin is itself the diacetyl ester of morphine and would have been caught by that clause even if it had not been named; it is named, so nothing turns on it. 'Morphine' and its two derivatives 'Morphine methobromide' and 'Morphine-N-oxyde' are separate entries further down the same part. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Heroin is on lijst I like any other entry in onderdeel A, so the article 5 recept route is open to it in form. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: There is no ordinary medicinal supply of heroin for a traveller to carry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Heroin in Suriname, full detail →

Hydrocodone

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints the entry as 'Hydrocodon', immediately after 'Heroïne' and before 'Hydromorphinol'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'hydrocodon', 'hydrocodone' and 'dihydrocodeinon'. Only the Dutch spelling returns. The entry that is easiest to confuse with it is 'Dihydrocodeïne', which is not here at all but on lijst I onderdeel B, the part that carries the Single Convention schedule II substances, and both parts are nonetheless lijst I for the purposes of article 3, so the confusion does not change the offence. 'Hydromorphinol' and 'Hydromorphon' follow it in the same run and are separate entries. The isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses at the close of onderdeel A apply to it, and there is no preparation exception of any kind. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Hydrocodone reaches a traveller as a combination antitussive or analgesic tablet. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A combination tablet is a preparation containing the substance and is inside the entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Hydrocodone in Suriname, full detail →

Ketamine

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, prints in Tabel III the category 'Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances', so ketamine is named in the label itself. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'ketamine', 'ketamin' and 'cyclidine'. Ketamine appears only in Tabel III. It is on neither lijst I nor lijst II, where 'Phencyclidine' is printed at lijst I onderdeel D and 'Eticyclidine', 'Rolicyclidine' and 'Tenocyclidine (TCP)' at lijst I onderdeel C. Because ketamine is named in a lijst III label and in no lijst I or lijst II entry, lijst III governs it, and the lijst I bands for phencyclidine do not apply to it. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: Ketamine is an anaesthetic in medical and veterinary use, and any lawful supply of it runs through the pharmacist, physician and veterinarian exemption in article 7 lid 2. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Ketamine is a hospital and veterinary anaesthetic, and personal carriage of it is unusual and needs the article 6 permission to cross the border. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

Ketamine in Suriname, full detail →

Khat

Legal status: Controlled through its constituents, and the two constituents are on different lists. The leaf is not named: neither 'khat' nor 'qat' nor 'Catha edulis' appears anywhere, and article 2, the only provision that names plants, is closed to the poppy, the cannabis plant and the Erythroxylaceën. What catches it is 'Cathinon' at lijst I onderdeel C and 'Cathine' at lijst II onderdeel A part 1, the part carrying the schedule III psychotropics. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'khat', 'qat', 'catha', 'cathinon' and 'cathine'. The first three return nothing and the last two return two entries in two different lists, which is what makes this row unusual. Fresh leaf, in which cathinone predominates, is a preparation containing a lijst I substance under the closing clause of onderdeel C, so possession is article 3 lid 1 under C and at most thirteen years, while supply and import are article 11 lid 1 and life exposed. Dried leaf, in which the cathinone has largely converted to cathine, is a preparation containing a lijst II substance, so supply and possession are both article 11 lid 3 and at most thirteen years, and only the import limb is life exposed. The act gives no guidance on which state the leaf is in and sets no threshold, so the distinction is left to analysis. Growing the shrub is not an article 2 offence, because article 2 names three plant groups and this is not one of them. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal form of khat exists and the act provides no cultural or dietary exemption. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: The list a bundle of leaf falls on may depend on how long ago it was cut. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Khat in Suriname, full detail →

Kratom

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, prints in Tabel III the entry 'Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat)', so kratom is named by its common name in a list the act penalises. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'kratom', 'Mitragyna', 'mitragynine' and 'speciosa' across lijst I, lijst II and all three tables of lijst III. Only 'Kratom' returns, inside the Tabel III bracket. The entry names the plant and not its alkaloids: neither mitragynine nor 7-hydroxymitragynine is printed anywhere in the three lists, and Tabel III closes with no isomers or preparations clause; article 1 lid 2 equates only the salts of a substance with the substance. Article 1 lid 1 defines substantie to include plants and parts of plants, so leaf, powder and the plant itself are inside the entry. A product of isolated alkaloid is a question the text does not answer, and the mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine rows for Suriname are left open for that reason. Article 2, the cultivation provision, forbids growing only Papaver Somniferum (L), the coca plants it names and, since article I onder C of S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the words 'CanabisSativa (L)' with 'Cannabis', the genus Cannabis, and this plant is not among them. Article 11 as rewritten in 2018 no longer lists article 2 among the provisions it punishes, although article 12, which article I onder O of the same Act rewrote to name article 2, and articles 4a, 7 lid 1, 11a, 13 lid 2 and 14 lid 2 refer to it. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of kratom was found in the sources read. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Kratom is sold in some countries as a supplement or tea, and that is not a defence here. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

Kratom in Suriname, full detail →

Lorazepam

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2 prints the entry as 'Lorazepam', between 'Loprazolam' and 'Lormetazepam'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'lorazepam', 'lorazepan' and 'ativan'. Only the first returns. Both of its immediate neighbours are traps for a text search: 'Delorazepam' higher in the column and 'Lormetazepam' directly below both contain the letters of the shorter name or very nearly, so a substring search returns three entries where only one is the medicine in question, and each of the three is separately listed in its own right. That is a general property of this part and it is the reason the entries in this batch are identified by their printed position as well as by their spelling. The closing preparations clause carries a tablet or an injection. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Lorazepam is dispensed for anxiety, for sedation before procedures and for status epilepticus. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: An injection carried for a seizure emergency is a preparation containing a listed substance. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Lorazepam in Suriname, full detail →

LSA (Morning Glory)

Legal status: Illegal, and it is the parent entry rather than a derivative of one. Lysergic acid amide is ergine, and lijst I onderdeel C prints its Dutch name, 'Lyserginezuuramide', as the entry itself, with footnote 9 extending it to 'de mono-, en di-alkylamide, de pyrrolidine- en morfolinederivaten'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'LSA', 'ergine', 'ergometrine' and 'lyserginezuuramide'. The first three return nothing and the fourth returns the entry. That is the whole of this row and it runs opposite to the usual shape: most of the substances in this batch have to be argued into an entry, while ergine is the thing the entry is named after and the better known drug, LSD, is reached only through the footnote. Morning glory and Hawaiian baby woodrose seeds are not named and no plant of that kind appears anywhere in the act, so seed material reaches the entry, if at all, as a preparation containing the substance under the closing clause of onderdeel C, which is a question of analysis rather than of listing. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal form of this substance is in ordinary use. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Seed sold as an ornamental is still material to be analysed against the entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

LSA (Morning Glory) in Suriname, full detail →

LSD

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'Lyserginezuuramide', lysergic acid amide, with footnote 9: 'Met inbegrip van de mono-, en di-alkylamide, de pyrrolidine- en morfolinederivaten en de daarvan verkregen middelen verkregen door invoering van methyl-, acetyl- of halogeengroepen', including the mono- and di-alkylamides, the pyrrolidine and morpholine derivatives, and the substances obtained from them by the introduction of methyl, acetyl or halogen groups. LSD is lysergic acid diethylamide, a di-alkylamide, and is inside the footnote. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'LSD', 'lysergide', 'lisergida' and 'lyserg'. Only the last returns, and it returns the one entry. The act does not print the letters LSD anywhere, so a reader searching the document for them finds nothing and could conclude the drug is unlisted; that is the trap in this row and it is why the entry is quoted here in full. The step from the printed words to LSD is a reading, not a quotation: the entry names the parent amide and the footnote names the alkylamides, and LSD is the diethyl member of that class. Footnote 9 is the only extension mechanism in onderdeel C, which otherwise closes with a preparations clause alone, and it is attached to this entry rather than to the part as a whole. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No authorised medicinal form of this substance was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Blotter paper is a preparation containing the substance within the closing clause. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

LSD in Suriname, full detail →

MDA

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'MDA (tenamfetamine)', giving the international non-proprietary name in brackets, and 'N-ethyl MDA' and 'N-hydroxy MDA' follow as separate entries. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'MDA', 'tenamfetamine' and 'methyleendioxyamfetamine'. The first two return the entry and the third returns nothing, so the act carries no systematic chemical name for it. The three MDA entries and 'MDMA' are printed as four separate names rather than as one methylenedioxy family, and 'MMDA' further down is a fifth. That drafting choice is what settles the analogue rows in this batch: onderdeel C closes with a preparations clause alone, so a methylenedioxy compound that is not one of those five names is not inside any of them. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal form of this substance is in ordinary use. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A tablet containing it is a preparation within the closing clause of onderdeel C. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

MDA in Suriname, full detail →

MDMA

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'MDMA', between 'MDA (tenamfetamine)' and 'Mescaline', with no chemical name and no footnote. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'MDMA', 'methyleendioxymethamfetamine' and 'ecstasy'. Only the abbreviation returns; the act prints no long form and no street name for anything. The neighbouring entries are 'MDA (tenamfetamine)' above and 'N-ethyl MDA' and 'N-hydroxy MDA' a little further up, and 'MMDA' below, so the ring substituted amphetamines are named one by one. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts with the substance, so the hydrochloride is inside the entry, and the closing preparations clause carries a pressed tablet. Nothing in the act grades the offence by tablet count or by purity. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No authorised medicinal form of this substance was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: There is no quantity below which the possession limb stops applying. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

MDMA in Suriname, full detail →

MDPV

Legal status: Illegal. MDPV is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Synthetic Cathinones'. MDPV, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one, is a cathinone, a phenyl ring carrying a beta keto aminoalkyl chain, with a pyrrolidine ring on the nitrogen, a propyl chain and a methylenedioxy ring. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'MDPV', 'methylenedioxypyrovalerone' and 'pyrovaleron'. Only 'Pyrovaleron' returns, and it is a different compound. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'Pyrovaleron' at lijst II onderdeel A part 2 is the 4-methylphenyl compound without the methylenedioxy ring, a different substance, and that part closes only with a preparations clause, so the pyrovalerone entry does not reach MDPV. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

MDPV in Suriname, full detail →

Mephedrone (4-MMC)

Legal status: Illegal. Mephedrone is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Synthetic Cathinones'. Mephedrone, 4-methylmethcathinone, 2-(methylamino)-1-(4-methylphenyl)propan-1-one, is cathinone, 2-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-one, with an N-methyl and a 4-methyl group added, and it is made synthetically rather than taken from the khat plant. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'mephedrone', 'mefedron', '4-MMC', 'methylmethcathinon' and 'cathinon'. 'Cathinon' returns at lijst I onderdeel C and 'Cathine' at lijst II onderdeel A part 1; mephedrone itself returns nothing, and the Tabel III label is what reaches it. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'Cathinon' is printed at lijst I onderdeel C, but that part closes only with 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing the substances named, with no isomer, ester or analogue clause, so the cathinone entry does not reach mephedrone and the Tabel III label does. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

Mephedrone (4-MMC) in Suriname, full detail →

Mescaline

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel C prints the entry as 'Mescaline', between 'MDMA' and '4-methylaminorex'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'mescaline', 'mescalina' and 'peyote'. The Spanish form returns nothing and neither does the cactus, which is a separate row here. Mescaline sits among the phenethylamine and amphetamine hallucinogens of onderdeel C, alongside 'DMA', then 'DOET' and 'MMDA', then 'STP (DOM)' and 'TMA', all of which are named individually. The closing preparations clause reaches a cactus preparation containing mescaline; the isomer and ester clauses that would reach further are in onderdeel A and not here. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal form of mescaline is in ordinary use. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Dried plant material containing mescaline is a preparation within the closing clause. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Mescaline in Suriname, full detail →

Methadone

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints 'Methadon' and, as separate entries, 'Methadon-tussenprodukt', the methadone intermediate, 'Isomethadon' and 'Normathadon'. 'Acetylmethadol', 'Alphacetylmethadol', 'Betacetylmethadol', 'Alphamethadol', 'Betamethadol', 'Dimepheptanol' and 'Noracymethadol' are named in the same part. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'methadon', 'methadone' and 'levomethadon'. The act names the intermediate separately from the drug, which is a Single Convention habit and matters for a manufacturing charge under article 3 lid 1 under D rather than a possession charge. 'Normathadon' is printed with that spelling, one letter away from the normal Dutch normethadon, and a search on the ordinary spelling misses it; this is one of several places where the printed text is not the text a reader would expect to find. The closing clauses of onderdeel A add the isomers, the salts and the preparations, so an oral methadone solution is inside the entry. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Methadone is dispensed as a substitution treatment, which is a medical purpose within article 7 lid 2. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Anyone travelling on a methadone programme should read the import limb below carefully. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Methadone in Suriname, full detail →

Methamphetamine

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel D prints 'Metamfetamine' and, as separate entries, 'Metamfetamine racemaat' and 'Levomethamfetamine'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'metamfetamine', 'methamphetamine' and 'metanfetamina'. Only the Dutch spelling returns. Three separate entries cover the three forms: the base name, the racemate and the levo isomer, and 'Lavamfetamine' a line above covers the levo form of amphetamine. That is a deliberate drafting pattern in onderdeel D, which has no isomer clause of its own, so each optical form that is meant to be caught has to be printed. The closing preparations clause carries crystal and tablet forms alike, and the act sets no purity threshold. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: There is a narrow prescribed use of methamphetamine in some countries; none was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: The act grades nothing by purity or by form. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Methamphetamine in Suriname, full detail →

Methaqualone (Quaaludes)

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel D prints the entry as 'Methaqualon', with 'Mecloqualon' four lines above it as a separate entry. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'methaqualon', 'methaqualone', 'metacualona' and 'mandrax'. Only the Dutch spelling returns; the brand name mandrax, which is how the drug is usually known in this region, is not in the act. The pairing with 'Mecloqualon' is the point: the two quinazolinones are printed separately, so the chlorinated analogue is caught by being named and not by resembling the parent. Onderdeel D closes with a preparations clause and nothing else, so a tablet is inside the entry and a further analogue is not. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Methaqualone was withdrawn as a medicine in most countries and no current medicinal form was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A tablet pressed under a brand name is still a preparation containing the substance. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Methaqualone (Quaaludes) in Suriname, full detail →

Methylone

Legal status: Illegal. Methylone is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Synthetic Cathinones'. Methylone, 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone, is cathinone with an N-methyl and a methylenedioxy ring on the phenyl group, the beta keto counterpart of MDMA, and it is a synthetic cathinone in the plain sense of the label. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'methylone', 'methylon', 'bk-MDMA' and 'MDMC'. None returns; the Tabel III label is what reaches it. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. 'MDMA' is printed at lijst I onderdeel C, but that part has no analogue or isomer clause, so the MDMA entry does not reach methylone, and 'Cathinon' at the same part names only cathinone itself. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

Methylone in Suriname, full detail →

Methylphenidate

Legal status: Illegal, and the entry carries a printing error worth quoting exactly. Lijst I onderdeel D prints it as 'Methylpenidaat', without the h that the Dutch spelling methylfenidaat or the international spelling methylphenidate would give it. It stands between 'Methaqualon' and 'Phencyclidine', which is where methylphenidate belongs alphabetically, and no other entry in the act is close to it. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'methylfenidaat', 'methylphenidate', 'metilfenidato' and 'methylpenidaat'. The first three return nothing at all. Only the misprinted form returns the entry, which means a reader who searches the document for the drug by any of its ordinary spellings will conclude it is not listed. That is the most easily made mistake in this whole annex and it is a mistake about a medicine millions of people carry. The entry is identified here by its alphabetical position and by the absence of any other candidate rather than by its spelling. Onderdeel D closes with a preparations clause, so a modified release tablet is inside the entry. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: This is a prescribed medicine for attention deficit disorder and the traveller question is the live one. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Carry the prescription and the original packaging, and read the import limb below. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Methylphenidate in Suriname, full detail →

Morphine

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints 'Morphine' and then two derived entries of its own, 'Morphine methobromide' with footnote 7 and 'Morphine-N-oxyde'. Footnote 7 reads 'En andere vrijwaardige stikstof morphine-derivaten, met inbegrip met name van de morphine N-oxide-derivaten, waarvan codeïne-N-oxide er een is', and other quaternary nitrogen morphine derivatives, including in particular the morphine N-oxide derivatives, of which codeine-N-oxide is one. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'morphine', 'morfine' and 'normorphine'. The Dutch spelling with an f returns nothing; the act uses the ph spelling throughout. Besides the three morphine entries, onderdeel A prints 'Benzylmorphine', 'Dihydromorphine', 'Ethylmorphine', 'Methyldihydromorphine', 'Myrophine', 'Nicomorphine' and 'Normorphine' as entries in their own right, so a morphine derivative is generally named rather than inferred. The closing clauses of onderdeel A then add the isomers, the esters and ethers, the salts and the preparations, which is what carries morphine sulphate and every oral solution into the entry. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Morphine is the clearest case of a lijst I substance with an everyday medical use, and article 7 lid 2 is written for exactly that. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A traveller on prescribed morphine is the reader this paragraph is for. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Morphine in Suriname, full detail →

MXE

Legal status: Illegal. Methoxetamine is on lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, through the Tabel III category 'Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances'. Methoxetamine, 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexan-1-one, has ketamine's 2-aryl-2-aminocyclohexanone skeleton, with a 3-methoxy group on the phenyl ring in place of ketamine's 2-chloro and an N-ethyl in place of its N-methyl. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'methoxetamine', 'MXE' and 'ketamine'. Only the Tabel III label returns. Tabel III does not list compounds. Under the heading 'Categorieën van nieuwe psychoactieve stoffen (NPS'es):' it prints 'Aminoindanes, Synthetic Cannabinoids, Synthetic Cathinones, Tryptamines, Ketamine and Phencyclidine-type substances, Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat), Piperazines, Phenethylamines enandere substances zoals 1,3 dimethyl-amylamine (DMAA)', in English and as printed, and the act defines none of those labels. Article 1 lid 2 equates the salts of a substance with the substance throughout the act. Article 8a lid 1 refers to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III' without limiting it to Tabel I and Tabel II, and Tabel III is printed in that annex. The memorie van toelichting describes lijst III only by reference to the two Convention tables and says nothing about Tabel III. Case law applying Tabel III was not searched. Membership is therefore read from the molecule's own structure against the plain words of the label, and one test is applied to every row: a substance is treated as inside a label where it is a new psychoactive substance whose molecule as a whole belongs to the chemical class the label names, and not where the class's own amine chain is built into a further ring system of another class. A ring fused to the aromatic ring with the amine chain left free, as in methylone, MDPV or 6-APB, does not take a substance outside its class; an ethylamine chain closed into a ring system, as in the ergoline skeleton of LSD, does. A ring formed on the nitrogen alone, as the pyrrolidine of MDPV, leaves the chain between the aromatic ring and the nitrogen open and does not count either. Methoxetamine is an arylcyclohexylamine, the class that phencyclidine itself defines, so it is inside the label whether the label is read as ketamine type or as phencyclidine type substances. It is not named in lijst I or lijst II, so the Tabel III label governs it. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of it was found in the sources read, so the exemptions below are of no practical help to a traveller. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Products sold online as research chemicals or not for human consumption are not exempt on that account. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

MXE in Suriname, full detail →

Nicotine

Legal status: This act does not reach it. Nicotine is not listed in either annex to the Wet verdovende middelen and is not named in any part of either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'nicotine', 'nicotina' and 'tabak'. All three return nothing. The alkaloid is on neither convention schedule reproduced in the annexes, so there is no entry it could sit near and no part of either list to which it would belong. Nicotine replacement products and vaping liquids are medicines and consumer product questions in most jurisdictions and there is nothing in this act that touches them. Whatever Suriname does about them sits outside the instrument read here. No offence in this act reaches it, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to lijst I, to lijst II or to a designation made under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, and this substance is on neither list. The act carries no analogue limb and no definition by effect. The bands in article 11, which run from at most seven years for a non-intentional lijst II possession up to levenslange gevangenisstraf for an intentional supply or import, therefore have nothing to attach to on this row.
If prescribed / medical: This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: No controlled drug documentation duty arises under this act, because the substance is outside it. Carry any prescribed medicine in its original packaging with the prescription in the ordinary way. No local traveller permit scheme under this act was established here, and the text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Nicotine in Suriname, full detail →

Nimetazepam

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2 prints the entry as 'Nimetazepam', between 'Midazolam' and 'Nitrazepam'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'nimetazepam', 'nimetazepan' and 'erimin'. Only the first returns; the brand name under which this medicine is best known in Asia is not in the act. Its two printed neighbours, 'Midazolam' above and 'Nitrazepam' below, are both distinct entries and both are commonly confused with it in reading, the second because the names differ by three letters in the middle. The act treats it no differently from any other entry in the part: no separate band, no aggravated treatment and no reference to it anywhere in articles 1 to 14. The closing preparations clause carries a tablet. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Nimetazepam is a hypnotic that is withdrawn or tightly restricted in many countries. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A medicine lawfully dispensed in one country is still measured here against the printed entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Nimetazepam in Suriname, full detail →

Opium

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints 'Opium' with footnote 8, 'Waaronder begrepen ruw opium, medicinaal opium, bereid opium en het concentraat van "poppy straw"', including raw opium, medicinal opium, prepared opium and the concentrate of poppy straw. A separate entry, 'Bolkaf en het concentraat', carries footnote 4 defining bolkaf as all parts of the plant Papaver somniferum L. after harvesting except the seed. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'opium', 'papaver', 'bolkaf' and 'poppy'. All four return text, which is unusual in this act and is why this row has three separate legs. The entry 'Opium' and its footnote are one. The entry 'Bolkaf en het concentraat' is the second, and footnote 4 is the only place in the annex where a plant material is defined by what is left after harvest. Article 2 is the third: it forbids growing Papaver Somniferum (L) by name, and article 11 lid 1 reaches article 2, so cultivation carries life exposure. The seed is expressly outside the bolkaf definition, which is the one carve-out the footnote makes. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Medicinal opium is named inside footnote 8, so the act contemplates a medical form of it. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Poppy seed is expressly outside the bolkaf entry, which is worth knowing for food carried in luggage. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Opium in Suriname, full detail →

Oxycodone

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst I onderdeel A prints the entry as 'Oxycodon', between 'Opium' and 'Oxymorphon', with no footnote. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'oxycodon', 'oxycodone' and 'oxycontin'. The English spelling and the brand name return nothing; the act names no brand anywhere. 'Oxymorphon' is the entry immediately below it and is a different substance, and 'Hydrocodon' and 'Hydromorphon' sit higher in the same alphabetical run, so the four are separately named rather than treated as one family. The closing clauses of onderdeel A add the salts and preparations, which is what places a combination tablet containing oxycodone inside the entry. The act prints no low dose or preparation exception for any of them: there is no equivalent here of the schedule III preparation limits used elsewhere. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Oxycodone is a prescription analgesic and lijst I placement does not stop it being one. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A traveller carrying prescribed oxycodone needs to read the import point below rather than the possession point. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Oxycodone in Suriname, full detail →

PCP

Legal status: Illegal. The entry is printed 'Phencyclidine' and it is on lijst I onderdeel D, the part carrying the substances that appear on schedule II of the Psychotrope Stoffen Verdrag, not on onderdeel C where its analogues sit. Onderdeel D is part of lijst I for the purposes of article 3, so the bands are the same. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'phencyclidine', 'fencyclidine', 'fenciclidina' and 'PCP'. Only the first returns, and the abbreviation PCP is not printed anywhere in the act. Three of its analogues are listed one part higher, at onderdeel C: 'Eticyclidine', 'Rolicyclidine' and 'Tenocyclidine (TCP)', which is the only one of the four whose abbreviation is printed. So the parent and three analogues are split across two parts of the same list and are named individually, and neither part carries an analogue limb. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No authorised medicinal form of this substance was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Nothing in the act treats a dissociative differently from any other lijst I entry. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

PCP in Suriname, full detail →

Peyote

Legal status: Controlled through its constituent, not by name. The cactus is nowhere in the act: neither 'peyote' nor 'Lophophora' appears in either list, and article 2, which is the only place the act names a plant, is closed to Papaver Somniferum (L), Canabis Sativa (L), Erythroxylon coca (Lamarck), Erythroxylon Novogranatense (Morris), Hieronymus and other Erythroxylaceën. What catches it is 'Mescaline' at lijst I onderdeel C together with the closing clause of that part, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'peyote', 'lophophora', 'cactus' and 'mescaline'. Only the last returns. The gap between the two halves of this row is real and it is worth stating plainly: growing the cactus is not an article 2 offence, because article 2 lists three plant groups and this is not one of them, while possessing dried buttons is caught, because they are a preparation containing a substance named on lijst I. So the act reaches the material and not the living plant, which is the opposite of how it treats cannabis, coca and the opium poppy. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: There is no medicinal or religious exemption in the act for plant material of this kind. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: A traveller carrying dried cactus is carrying a preparation within the meaning of the closing clause. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Peyote in Suriname, full detail →

Pink Cocaine / Tusi

Legal status: Pink cocaine is a street label for a powder of variable composition rather than a substance, and no entry of that name appears in either list. Its position follows whatever a sample turns out to contain, and the two substances the label most often points at take opposite answers under this act. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'tusi', 'tucibi', 'roze' and 'cocaïne'. Only the last returns. The split is worth setting out because it is unusually wide here. Cocaine is printed at lijst I onderdeel A as 'Cocaïne' with footnote 5, so a sample containing it is a lijst I middel and supply carries levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1. 2C-B, which the name of the powder derives from, is printed nowhere in either list, and the nearest entry, 'Brolamfetamine' at lijst I onderdeel C, is a different substance. Powders sold under this label commonly contain ketamine, which is also absent, or MDMA, which is printed at lijst I onderdeel C. So the same label can produce a life exposed charge, a thirteen year charge or no charge at all under this act, and only an analysis settles which. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. No offence in this act attaches to a middel that is not on lijst I or lijst II and has not been designated under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to those lists and those designations, and the act contains no analogue limb and no definition by effect. If a designation has been made, the bands are the ones the act sets for the list the substance is put on. On lijst I, possession and use are article 3 lid 1 under C and carry at most thirteen years under article 11 lid 3, while supply, manufacture and the import, export and transit limb carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1. On lijst II, supply, possession and manufacture all carry at most thirteen years under article 11 lid 3 and only the import, export and transit limb carries levenslange gevangenisstraf. Because no register of designations was read, a reader cannot be told which of those applies, and that is why this row is left unresolved rather than reported as permitted.
If prescribed / medical: A powder or product sold under this label has no medicinal form and no prescription route of its own. If it in fact contains a substance on lijst I or lijst II, the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions apply to that substance and not to the label. This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: Carry any prescription medicine in its original packaging with the prescription, and confirm the position with the Surinamese authorities before travelling, because the list read here stops in 2002. Even for a substance that is on the lists, the own medical use exemption in article 7 lid 3 covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, for which article 6 lid 1 requires the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Pink Cocaine / Tusi in Suriname, full detail →

Poppers

Legal status: Poppers is a commercial label covering several different alkyl nitrites rather than one substance, and nitrite esters are not listed in either annex. The constituent has to be identified before any entry can be applied, and on the text read here none of the usual constituents matches an entry. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'poppers', 'nitriet', 'amylnitriet' and 'alkyl'. All four return nothing. The annexes reproduce the 1961 and 1971 convention schedules and neither convention covers inhalants or vasodilators, so there is no part of either list in which amyl, butyl, isobutyl or isopropyl nitrite would be placed. That is a statement about this act and not about Surinamese law as a whole: medicines and consumer product regulation, which commonly governs these products elsewhere, was not read here, and article 3 lid 2 a would allow a designation by Staatsbesluit that would not be visible in this text. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. No offence in this act attaches to a middel that is not on lijst I or lijst II and has not been designated under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to those lists and those designations, and the act contains no analogue limb and no definition by effect. If a designation has been made, the bands are the ones the act sets for the list the substance is put on. On lijst I, possession and use are article 3 lid 1 under C and carry at most thirteen years under article 11 lid 3, while supply, manufacture and the import, export and transit limb carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1. On lijst II, supply, possession and manufacture all carry at most thirteen years under article 11 lid 3 and only the import, export and transit limb carries levenslange gevangenisstraf. Because no register of designations was read, a reader cannot be told which of those applies, and that is why this row is left unresolved rather than reported as permitted.
If prescribed / medical: A powder or product sold under this label has no medicinal form and no prescription route of its own. If it in fact contains a substance on lijst I or lijst II, the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions apply to that substance and not to the label. This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: Carry any prescription medicine in its original packaging with the prescription, and confirm the position with the Surinamese authorities before travelling, because the list read here stops in 2002. Even for a substance that is on the lists, the own medical use exemption in article 7 lid 3 covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, for which article 6 lid 1 requires the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Poppers in Suriname, full detail →

Psilocybin

Legal status: Controlled through psilocin where a sample contains it, and not named in its own right. Lijst I onderdeel C prints 'Psilocine' and does not print psilocybine. The heading of that part reads 'Substanties, voorkomende op lijst I behorende bij het Psychotrope Stoffen Verdrag', substances appearing on schedule I of the Psychotropic Substances Convention, and the entry printed beneath it is the single word 'Psilocine'. Whether the absence of the second name is a drafting omission or a deliberate narrowing was not established here. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'psilocybine', 'psilocibina', 'psilocybin' and 'psilocine'. The first three return nothing and the fourth returns one entry, and the same result was taken independently from the published portable document file as well as from its text extraction, so this is a property of the instrument and not of the extraction. What the printed text supports is this: material which on analysis contains psilocin is a preparation containing a substance named on lijst I, because onderdeel C closes with 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', and such material is inside article 3. Mushrooms of this kind are generally reported to carry both compounds, which is a matter of chemistry rather than of this act and is not verified here. What the annex does not reach is isolated psilocybin containing no psilocin, which matches no entry. A reader should treat mushrooms as inside article 3 and should not read the gap as permission. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 3 lid 1 forbids four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst I: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing, which article 1 lid 3 extends to refining and conversion. Article 11 lid 1 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under A, B or D with levenslange gevangenisstraf, or a fixed term of at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 punishes an intentional breach of article 3 lid 1 under C with at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. So possession and use sit in the lower band and every supply, manufacture and cross border limb sits in the higher one. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: No authorised medicinal or research form was established for Suriname. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: Dried mushroom material is a preparation within the closing clause of onderdeel C. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Psilocybin in Suriname, full detail →

Salvia divinorum

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst III, which S.B. 2018 no. 64 annexed to the act, prints in Tabel III the entry 'Plant-based Substances (Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Khat)', so Salvia divinorum is named by its botanical name. The text read is the act as amended to S.B. 2023 no. 137: the 1998 act with its 2002 amendments, then S.B. 2018 no. 64, published on 16 July 2018 and in force the next day under its Artikel II, then S.B. 2018 no. 65, published on 18 September 2018 and in force the next day, then the Wet Industriële Hennepteelt, S.B. 2023 no. 137, published on 14 September 2023 and in force the next day, whose title recites the act as last amended by S.B. 2018 no. 65. Article 3 lid 2, article 4 lid 2 and article 8a lid 2 still let further substances be designated by Staatsbesluit. The subsidiary instruments located, the three Staatsbesluiten of 20 January 1999 published as S.B. 1999 nos. 20, 21 and 22 on prescriptions, exemptions and import permits and the commencement resolution S.B. 1999 no. 23, designate no substance, and no other designation was located, so this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1, and article 9 lid 1 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 lists the hoofdstraffen as gevangenisstraf, hechtenis, taakstraf and geldboete, with no death penalty among them. Searched as 'salvia', 'divinorum' and 'salvinorin' across lijst I, lijst II and lijst III. Only 'Salvia divinorum' returns, inside the Tabel III bracket. Salvinorin A, the active compound, is not printed anywhere, and Tabel III has no preparations clause, but article 1 lid 1 defines substantie to include plants and parts of plants, so leaf, dried herb and the plant itself are inside the entry. An extract sold as salvinorin is a harder question the text does not settle. Article 2, the cultivation provision, forbids growing only Papaver Somniferum (L), the coca plants it names and, since article I onder C of S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the words 'CanabisSativa (L)' with 'Cannabis', the genus Cannabis, and this plant is not among them. Article 11 as rewritten in 2018 no longer lists article 2 among the provisions it punishes, although article 12, which article I onder O of the same Act rewrote to name article 2, and articles 4a, 7 lid 1, 11a, 13 lid 2 and 14 lid 2 refer to it. Article 8a lid 1, inserted by S.B. 2018 no. 64, forbids four things in relation to 'de middelen voorkomende op de bij deze wet behorende lijst III': under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. Article 1 lid 1 under t, as replaced in 2018, defines bezitten as 'het hebben van chemische stoffen, gereedschappen, materialen of apparatuur om verdovende middelen of psychotrope stoffen te produceren', having chemicals or equipment to produce drugs, so plain possession of the substance is carried by the words aanwezig te hebben, having present. Article 11 lid 1, as replaced by article I onder M of that Act, punishes an intentional breach of article 8a lid 1 under A with 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste vijftig jaren en een geldboete van de vijfde categorie', life imprisonment or a fixed term of at most fifty years and a fine of the fifth category. The same onderdeel rewrote article 11 lid 3 so that it reaches article 8a lid 1 under B, C and D, and an intentional breach of any of those carries at most thirteen years and a fine of the fifth category. So carrying it across the border is the limb exposed to life imprisonment, while possession, use, supply, transport and manufacture inside Suriname all sit in the thirteen year band, unless a Staatsbesluit under article 3 lid 2 has also designated the substance as a lijst I middel, in which case supply and manufacture would carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1 as well; no register of designations was located. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where the cross border limb is broken otherwise than intentionally, and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, each now with a fine of the fifth category, and article 14 lid 1 as amended makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen and the lid 1 to 3 cases misdrijven. Article 12 as amended punishes preparing or furthering an article 8a lid 1 under A offence, and conspiracy to commit one followed by a preparatory act, with at most eleven years and a fine of the fifth category. Article 40 lid 5 of the Wetboek van Strafrecht as replaced by S.B. 2015 no. 44 sets the fifth category at SRD 100,000. A bill submitted to De Nationale Assemblée on 17 August 2022 proposes replacing every category in article 40 lid 5, the first with SRD 10,500, the third with SRD 75,000, the fourth with SRD 150,000 and the fifth with SRD 300,000, and whether it has been enacted was not established; every SRD figure in this cell is the 2015 figure. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the maximum, and article 13 lid 2 as amended requires forfeiture of the article 8a middelen. Article 4a, also inserted in 2018, forbids any act aimed at promoting the sale, delivery or supply of a middel covered by article 8a except purely medical or scientific information, and article 11 lid 5 punishes breach of it with a fine of the third category, SRD 25,000. Article 14 lid 2 as amended reaches a Surinamese national who, abroad, prepares, furthers or conspires in the cross border limb, or attempts or takes part in such an offence committed in Suriname. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere. Article 11 lid 1 before 2018 read 'levenslange gevangenisstraf of tijdelijke van ten hoogste twintig jaren en een geldboete van ten hoogste vijfhonderd miljoen gulden'; S.B. 2018 no. 64 replaced the twenty years with fifty and the gulden sum with the fifth category, and replaced the gulden sums in leden 2, 3 and 4 and in article 12 with the same category.
If prescribed / medical: No medicinal use of Salvia divinorum was found in the sources read. Lijst III has no prescription route of its own. Article 5 lid 1, which allows a middel to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements set by or under Staatsbesluit, still speaks only of 'enig middel, in de artikelen 3 en 4 bedoeld', and S.B. 2018 no. 64 did not extend it to article 8a. What the 2018 Act did extend are the exemptions. Article 7 lid 1 as amended lets the Minister lift limbs B, C and D of article 8a lid 1, generally or by written permission. Article 7 lid 2 as amended disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen and for gevestigde dierenartsen who handle the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 as amended disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need it, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 7 contemplates have been made was not established.
Documentation: Ornamental or garden sage of other species is not Salvia divinorum and is not reached by the entry. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 8a lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, so the own medical use exemption covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and not bringing the substance in or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1, as replaced by S.B. 2018 no. 64, is the only route across the border: it disapplies article 8a lid 1 under A where the movement is made 'met toestemming van de Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-generaal bij het Hof van Justitie', with the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice. Article 11a, inserted in 2018, fines the user, tenant or owner of a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, building or yard where a middel of articles 2, 3 or 4 or a chemische stof of article 8a is found unlawfully with a fine of the first category, SRD 3,500 under the 2015 figures, unless they took all suitable measures to prevent it; whether a Tabel III substance is a chemische stof in the sense of definition u, a substance used for the illicit production of drugs, is not settled by the text. Article 10 gives investigating officers powers to search the body and clothing of a suspect and to seize. The memorie van toelichting to S.B. 2018 no. 64 says article 8a lid 1 would take effect six months after the Act, but Artikel II brings the whole Act into force on the day after publication and contains no separate date, and both dates passed in 2018 or 2019.

Salvia divinorum in Suriname, full detail →

Synthetic Cannabinoids (K2 / Spice)

Legal status: Synthetic cannabinoids is an open chemical class rather than a substance, and its members are not listed in either annex. The particular molecule has to be identified before any entry can be applied, and the act provides nothing that would catch the class as a class. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'synthetisch', 'JWH', 'cannabinoïde' and 'tetrahydrocannabinol'. Only the last returns, and it returns the single entry at lijst I onderdeel C with footnote 10, 'Met inbegrip van de (stereo-) isomeren'. A synthetic cannabinoid of the indole or indazole carboxamide families shares a receptor with tetrahydrocannabinol and shares no part of its structure, so it is not an isomer of the entry on any reading of that footnote. The act carries no analogue limb, no receptor based definition and no generic formula of the kind several countries have adopted for this class since 2002. 'Parahexyl' and 'DMHP' are printed in the same part and are early synthetic cannabinoids named individually, which shows the drafting method the act uses and its limit. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. No offence in this act attaches to a middel that is not on lijst I or lijst II and has not been designated under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to those lists and those designations, and the act contains no analogue limb and no definition by effect. If a designation has been made, the bands are the ones the act sets for the list the substance is put on. On lijst I, possession and use are article 3 lid 1 under C and carry at most thirteen years under article 11 lid 3, while supply, manufacture and the import, export and transit limb carry levenslange gevangenisstraf under article 11 lid 1. On lijst II, supply, possession and manufacture all carry at most thirteen years under article 11 lid 3 and only the import, export and transit limb carries levenslange gevangenisstraf. Because no register of designations was read, a reader cannot be told which of those applies, and that is why this row is left unresolved rather than reported as permitted.
If prescribed / medical: A powder or product sold under this label has no medicinal form and no prescription route of its own. If it in fact contains a substance on lijst I or lijst II, the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions apply to that substance and not to the label. This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: Carry any prescription medicine in its original packaging with the prescription, and confirm the position with the Surinamese authorities before travelling, because the list read here stops in 2002. Even for a substance that is on the lists, the own medical use exemption in article 7 lid 3 covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb, for which article 6 lid 1 requires the permission of the Minister after approval by the Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Synthetic Cannabinoids (K2 / Spice) in Suriname, full detail →

Tobacco

Legal status: This act does not reach it. Tobacco is not listed in either annex to the Wet verdovende middelen and no plant of the genus Nicotiana is named in article 2. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'tabak', 'tobacco', 'nicotiana' and 'sigaret'. All four return nothing. Article 2, the only provision of this act that forbids the cultivation of a plant, names Papaver Somniferum (L), Canabis Sativa (L), Erythroxylon coca (Lamarck), Erythroxylon Novogranatense (Morris), Hieronymus and other Erythroxylaceën, and tobacco is not among them, so growing it is not an offence under this act. Tobacco control in Suriname is public health and excise law and was not read here. No offence in this act reaches it, because every prohibition in articles 3 and 4 is framed by reference to lijst I, to lijst II or to a designation made under article 3 lid 2, article 3 lid 3 or article 4 lid 2, and this substance is on neither list. The act carries no analogue limb and no definition by effect. The bands in article 11, which run from at most seven years for a non-intentional lijst II possession up to levenslange gevangenisstraf for an intentional supply or import, therefore have nothing to attach to on this row.
If prescribed / medical: This act does not place it on either list, so the article 5 recept machinery and the article 7 exemptions do not reach it. Whether it is regulated as a medicine, as a food or as a consumer product under Suriname's separate law was not established here, because that law was not read.
Documentation: No controlled drug documentation duty arises under this act, because the substance is outside it. Carry any prescribed medicine in its original packaging with the prescription in the ordinary way. No local traveller permit scheme under this act was established here, and the text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Tobacco in Suriname, full detail →

Xanax (Alprazolam)

Legal status: Illegal. Lijst II onderdeel A part 2 prints the entry as 'Alprazolam', second in that part, between 'Allobarbital' and 'Amfepramon'. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68, so it is twenty four years old. Article 3 lid 2 lets further middelen be designated by Staatsbesluit and article 3 lid 3 lets the Minister designate one at short notice with the approval of the Procureur-Generaal, and article 4 lid 2 does the same for lijst II. No register of those designations was located, so anything added since 2002 is outside what was read and this does not rule out a later designation.
Consequences if caught: Capital exposure: none. This act carries no death penalty and its heaviest sentence is levenslange gevangenisstraf, life imprisonment, under article 11 lid 1. Searched as 'alprazolam' and 'xanax'. The brand name returns nothing. The two entries printed either side of it are not benzodiazepines at all, one being a barbiturate and the other an anorectic, which is a reminder that this part is a single alphabetical column mixing several drug classes with nothing to separate them. 'Triazolam' and 'Estazolam', the other triazolo compounds, are printed separately further down. The closing preparations clause carries a tablet, and a counterfeit tablet is a question of what it contains rather than of what it is sold as. One structural point governs how far an entry reaches. Only lijst I onderdeel A closes with the isomer, ester, ether and salt clauses; lijst I onderdeel B closes with an isomer and salt clause; and lijst I onderdeel C, lijst I onderdeel D and both parts of lijst II onderdeel A close with a single sentence, 'Preparaten die één of meer van vorengenoemde substanties bevatten', preparations containing one or more of the substances named above, and nothing else. There is no analogue limb and no definition by effect anywhere in the act. Article 4 lid 1 forbids the same four things in relation to a middel on the annexed lijst II: under A in, uit of door te voeren, importing, exporting or moving in transit; under B te bereiden, te bewerken, te verwerken, te verkopen, af te leveren, te verstrekken of te vervoeren, preparing, processing, working, selling, delivering, supplying or transporting; under C te bezitten, aanwezig te hebben of aan te wenden, possessing, having present or using; and under D te vervaardigen, manufacturing. The split for lijst II runs the other way from what a reader expects. Article 11 lid 1 reaches only limb A of article 4 lid 1, so importing, exporting or moving a lijst II middel in transit carries levenslange gevangenisstraf, or at most twenty years, and a fine of at most five hundred million gulden. Article 11 lid 3 reaches article 4 lid 1 under B, C and D, so preparing, selling, supplying, transporting, possessing, using and manufacturing all carry at most thirteen years and a fine of at most two hundred million gulden. Carrying it across the border is therefore the one limb that is punished as heavily as a lijst I offence. Article 11 lid 2 gives at most nine years where a limb in the higher band is broken otherwise than intentionally and article 11 lid 4 at most seven years for the lower band, and article 14 lid 1 makes the article 11 lid 4 cases overtredingen while everything else in article 11 and in article 12 is a misdrijf. Article 12 punishes preparatory acts and samenspanning, conspiracy, aimed at an article 11 lid 1 offence with at most eleven years. Article 13 lid 1 lets the fine rise to four times the value of the goods where that value is more than a quarter of the stated maximum, and article 13 lid 2 requires forfeiture. Article 1 lid 2 equates the zouten, the salts, of a substance with the substance throughout the act. The act sets no personal use tier, no quantity threshold and no tolerance rule anywhere in its fourteen articles, and nothing in it corresponds to the Dutch practice of tolerated small quantities.
If prescribed / medical: Alprazolam is dispensed for anxiety and panic disorder. There is a lawful prescription route and it is narrow. Article 5 lid 1 allows a middel covered by article 3 or article 4 to be prescribed op recept only where the recept meets requirements laid down by or under Staatsbesluit, and article 5 lid 3 makes it a separate offence to present a vals of vervalst recept, a false or forged prescription, which article 11 lid 3 punishes with at most thirteen years. Article 7 lid 2 disapplies limbs B and C for gevestigde apothekers en apotheekhoudende geneeskundigen, established pharmacists and dispensing physicians, and for gevestigde dierenartsen, established veterinarians, where they hold the substance only for a medical purpose. Article 7 lid 3 disapplies the transport part of limb B and the whole of limb C for a person who shows that they need the substance, in de bevonden hoeveelheid, in the quantity found, for the practice of geneeskunst, tandheelkunst or diergeneeskunst, or voor eigen geneeskundig gebruik, for their own medical use, and that they obtained it langs wettige weg, by lawful means. Article 7 lid 4 gives the same relief to a carrier acting on the order of an authorised person, except as regards aanwenden, using the substance. Whether the Staatsbesluiten that article 5 lid 1 and article 7 contemplate have been made was not established here.
Documentation: This is among the most counterfeited medicines in circulation and an analysis rather than a label decides which entry a tablet meets. Carry any controlled medicine in its original packaging with the prescription that authorised it, and note the limit that article 7 sets. Neither article 7 lid 1 nor article 7 lid 3 touches limb A of article 3 lid 1 or of article 4 lid 1, the import, export and transit limb. The eigen geneeskundig gebruik exemption therefore covers possession and carriage inside Suriname and does not cover bringing the substance into the country or taking it out. Article 6 lid 1 is the only route for that: it disapplies limb A where the movement is made met toestemming van de Minister, with the permission of the Minister, na goedkeuring door de Procureur-Generaal bij het Hof van Justitie, after approval by the Procurator General at the Court of Justice, and article 6 lid 2 allows a fee to be charged for it. Article 10 gives opsporingsambtenaren, investigating officers, a power under lid 5 to search the body and clothing of a suspect and under lid 6 to seize. The text relied on stops at S.B. 2002 no. 68. Any lijst, onderdeel or numbered part named in this cell are read from the annex to the act itself and are not printed in the quoted dossier extract, whose quotation column for this jurisdiction carries no division marker for any substance.

Xanax (Alprazolam) in Suriname, full detail →

Not individually verified

24 substances are not individually verified for Suriname

For these the governing national drug law is cited, but we have not verified that the substance specifically is scheduled under it. Treat them as unanswered, not as legal. Confirm with Suriname’s drug authority or your embassy.

Substance	What we found
1P-LSD	Not confirmed. 1P-LSD is not named on either list. The only lysergamide entry is 'Lyserginezuuramide' at lijst I...
7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH)	Not confirmed. 7-hydroxymitragynine is not named on either list, and neither is mitragynine, and neither is the tree...
Amanita muscaria	Not confirmed. Amanita muscaria is not named on either list, and neither of its active constituents is named. The...
Amyl Nitrite	Not confirmed. Amyl nitrite is not named on either list, and no nitrite ester of any kind is named. The text read...
Cannabinol	Not confirmed. Cannabinol is not named on either list. 'Tetrahydrocannabinol' is printed at lijst I onderdeel C with...
CBD	Not confirmed. Isolated cannabidiol is not named on either list, and the entry nearest to it does not reach it...
Ephedrine	Not confirmed. Ephedrine is not named on either list, and the act annexes no precursor table of any kind. The text...
Etizolam	Not confirmed. Etizolam is not named on either list, although five of the six benzodiazepines this corpus carries...
Gabapentin	Not confirmed. Gabapentin is not named on either list, and no gabapentinoid is named. The text read for this cell is...
GBL	Not confirmed. Gamma-butyrolactone is not named on either list, and neither is the substance it converts into. The...
GHB	Not confirmed. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the...
HHC	Not confirmed. Hexahydrocannabinol is not named on either list, and it is not an isomer of the entry nearest to it....
Memantine	Not confirmed. Memantine is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at...
Mitragynine	Not confirmed. Mitragynine is not named on either list, and neither is the plant that produces it. The text read for...
Modafinil	Not confirmed. Modafinil is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at...
Nitrous Oxide	Not confirmed. Nitrous oxide is not named on either list, and no gas of any kind is named. The text read for this...
Phenibut	Not confirmed. Phenibut is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at...
Pregabalin	Not confirmed. Pregabalin is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops...
Quetiapine	Not confirmed. Quetiapine is not named on either list, and no antipsychotic of any kind is named. The text read for...
Scopolamine (Devil's Breath)	Not confirmed. Scopolamine is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops...
THC-P	Not confirmed. Tetrahydrocannabiphorol is not named on either list, and it is not an isomer of the entry nearest to...
Tramadol	Not confirmed. Tramadol is not named on either list. The entry nearest to it in the printed text is 'Tilidine' at...
Xylazine	Not confirmed. Xylazine is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at...
Zolpidem	Not confirmed. Zolpidem is not named on either list. The text read for this cell is the consolidation that stops at...

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