Legality · CBDCBD in Panama: not individually verified
Not individually verified
We have not confirmed that CBD specifically is scheduled in Panama, so this page gives no legal status. Publishing a guess here would be worse than publishing nothing. What we do know is the governing national drug law, below.
- What is on record
- Not confirmed. Whether Panama's criminal definition of a drug reaches CBD was not established by the instruments read here. It is not named in Resolución 200 of 2025 and no entry for it was read in the schedules of the 1961 or 1971 Conventions. Article 324 of the Código Penal defines the criminal object for the whole drug chapter, and it does so functionally and by incorporation rather than by a closed national list: «droga es toda sustancia que produzca dependencia física o síquica, como los narcóticos, fármacos, estupefacientes y todos aquellos productos, precursores y sustancias químicas esenciales que sirven para su elaboración, transformación o preparación, de conformidad con las disposiciones legales en materia de salud, convenios y acuerdos internacionales vigentes en la República de Panamá.». Panama therefore has no closed criminal schedule of its own. A substance is reached where it produces physical or psychic dependence and where the health legislation and the international conventions in force in Panama place it, so a reader looking for a Panamanian chemical annex to be absent from is looking for a document the criminal law does not use. Because the definition opens with a functional test rather than a list, an absence from the lists that were read does not close the question, and nothing read here shows the dependence limb being applied to this row. No cannabidiol entry appears in either treaty list, and the national controlled list does not name it. Panama instead regulates it through the hemp statute, which defines hemp as a cannabis plant whose concentration does not exceed 1% by dry weight. So the position of a given product turns on its measured content rather than on the name of the cannabinoid, and that measurement is what was not available for this row.
Confirm directly with Panama’s national drug authority or your own embassy before you rely on anything.
What Panama HAS confirmed for related substances
These are related compounds, not CBD. Their status may or may not reflect CBD’s. Confirm CBD directly with Panama's national drug authority or your embassy.
Controlled. Cannabis is reached by the Panamanian criminal definition of a drug, not by a national chemical annex. Article 324 of the Código Penal defines the criminal object for the whole drug chapter, and it does so functionally and by incorporation rather than by a closed national list: «droga es toda sustancia que produzca dependencia física o síquica, como los narcóticos, fármacos, estupefacientes y todos aquellos productos, precursores y sustancias químicas esenciales que sirven para su elaboración, transformación o preparación, de conformidad con las disposiciones legales en materia de salud, convenios y acuerdos internacionales vigentes en la República de Panamá.». The entry read for this row is «CANNABIS» in Schedule I of the 1961 Convention. That entry describes the material itself rather than naming a single molecule. Panama's own Listado Oficial carries «Cannabis» as a substance permitted for medical and scientific use. The schedule describes the material rather than naming a molecule: the flowering or fruiting tops with the resin not extracted, with the separated resin and extracts carried as a second numbered entry. Panama then runs two lawful routes across that placement, one medicinal and one industrial, and each has its own statute.
Panama, Código Penal, Título IX, Capítulo V, articles 312 to 324, the drug chapter, with article 324 carrying the definition of droga · Texto Único of Ley 14 of 2007 updated to December 2020, published by the Órgano Judicial · organojudicial.gob.pa · cross-read against the Procuraduría General de la Nación Texto Único carrying amendments through Ley 70 of 2019, which agrees word for word on articles 312 to 324 · ministeriopublico.gob.pa · MINSA Resolución 200 of 26 September 2025, the Listado Oficial of substances permitted for medical and scientific use, which repeals Resolutions 410 of 2018, 691 of 2020, 782 of 2020 and 176 of 2021, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30388-A of 16 October 2025 · dnfd.minsa.gob.pa · placement read in the INCB Yellow List 64th edition of July 2025, the schedules of the 1961 Convention · incb.org · Ley 242 of 13 October 2021 on medicinal cannabis and Ley 464 of 2025 on hemp, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30242-D of 24 March 2025 · organojudicial.gob.pa · the penalty figures, the citation of Ley 23 of 1986 with Ley 13 of 1994 and the citation of Decreto 25 of 16 January 2024 are carried forward from the live cell and not re-derived, except where this cell states a correction · every law the Órgano Judicial lists as amending the Penal Code after the December 2020 consolidation was checked and none touches articles 312 to 324 · the entry for this row was read at identification code NC 001 in that list, and the placement was decided by reading that line and not by a substring match on the name Cannabis · read as at 21 September 2026 · Verified September 21, 2026
Controlled. Delta-8-THC is reached by the Panamanian criminal definition of a drug, not by a national chemical annex. Article 324 of the Código Penal defines the criminal object for the whole drug chapter, and it does so functionally and by incorporation rather than by a closed national list: «droga es toda sustancia que produzca dependencia física o síquica, como los narcóticos, fármacos, estupefacientes y todos aquellos productos, precursores y sustancias químicas esenciales que sirven para su elaboración, transformación o preparación, de conformidad con las disposiciones legales en materia de salud, convenios y acuerdos internacionales vigentes en la República de Panamá.». The entry read for this row is «delta-8-THC» in Schedule I of the 1971 Convention. The name sits in the other non-proprietary or trivial column of that schedule, with no international non-proprietary name beside it. Panama's own Listado Oficial carries «Tetrahidrocannabinol» as a substance permitted for medical and scientific use. The schedule does not carry a single entry for the parent: it names the isomers one by one under a shared heading, and this isomer is printed among them by name with its own stereochemical designation. Panama's national list then carries the unqualified parent name, which is broader than any single isomer.
Panama, Código Penal, Título IX, Capítulo V, articles 312 to 324, the drug chapter, with article 324 carrying the definition of droga · Texto Único of Ley 14 of 2007 updated to December 2020, published by the Órgano Judicial · organojudicial.gob.pa · cross-read against the Procuraduría General de la Nación Texto Único carrying amendments through Ley 70 of 2019, which agrees word for word on articles 312 to 324 · ministeriopublico.gob.pa · MINSA Resolución 200 of 26 September 2025, the Listado Oficial of substances permitted for medical and scientific use, which repeals Resolutions 410 of 2018, 691 of 2020, 782 of 2020 and 176 of 2021, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30388-A of 16 October 2025 · dnfd.minsa.gob.pa · placement read in the INCB Green List 36th edition of 2025, the schedules of the 1971 Convention · incb.org · Ley 242 of 13 October 2021 on medicinal cannabis and Ley 464 of 2025 on hemp, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30242-D of 24 March 2025 · organojudicial.gob.pa · the penalty figures, the citation of Ley 23 of 1986 with Ley 13 of 1994 and the citation of Decreto 25 of 16 January 2024 are carried forward from the live cell and not re-derived, except where this cell states a correction · every law the Órgano Judicial lists as amending the Penal Code after the December 2020 consolidation was checked and none touches articles 312 to 324 · the entry for this row was read at identification code PT 002 in that list, and the placement was decided by reading that line and not by a substring match on the name Delta-8-THC · read as at 21 September 2026 · Verified September 21, 2026
Controlled. HHC is reached by the Panamanian criminal definition of a drug, not by a national chemical annex. Article 324 of the Código Penal defines the criminal object for the whole drug chapter, and it does so functionally and by incorporation rather than by a closed national list: «droga es toda sustancia que produzca dependencia física o síquica, como los narcóticos, fármacos, estupefacientes y todos aquellos productos, precursores y sustancias químicas esenciales que sirven para su elaboración, transformación o preparación, de conformidad con las disposiciones legales en materia de salud, convenios y acuerdos internacionales vigentes en la República de Panamá.». The entry read for this row is «HEXAHYDROCANNABINOL» in Schedule II of the 1971 Convention. The name sits in the international non-proprietary column of that schedule. It is not named in Resolución 200 of 2025, which is the national list of substances permitted for medical and scientific use. That is an absence from a medical permission list and not an absence from the offence. The dossier returned this row as unsettled, and the reason is a timing one worth stating: this substance was added to the schedule in the most recent update of the list, which the dossier's sources predate. It now has its own numbered entry with two registry numbers.
Panama, Código Penal, Título IX, Capítulo V, articles 312 to 324, the drug chapter, with article 324 carrying the definition of droga · Texto Único of Ley 14 of 2007 updated to December 2020, published by the Órgano Judicial · organojudicial.gob.pa · cross-read against the Procuraduría General de la Nación Texto Único carrying amendments through Ley 70 of 2019, which agrees word for word on articles 312 to 324 · ministeriopublico.gob.pa · MINSA Resolución 200 of 26 September 2025, the Listado Oficial of substances permitted for medical and scientific use, which repeals Resolutions 410 of 2018, 691 of 2020, 782 of 2020 and 176 of 2021, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30388-A of 16 October 2025 · dnfd.minsa.gob.pa · placement read in the INCB Green List 36th edition of 2025, the schedules of the 1971 Convention · incb.org · Ley 242 of 13 October 2021 on medicinal cannabis and Ley 464 of 2025 on hemp, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30242-D of 24 March 2025 · organojudicial.gob.pa · the penalty figures, the citation of Ley 23 of 1986 with Ley 13 of 1994 and the citation of Decreto 25 of 16 January 2024 are carried forward from the live cell and not re-derived, except where this cell states a correction · every law the Órgano Judicial lists as amending the Penal Code after the December 2020 consolidation was checked and none touches articles 312 to 324 · the entry for this row was read at identification code PH003 in that list, and the placement was decided by reading that line and not by a substring match on the name HHC · read as at 21 September 2026 · Verified September 21, 2026
Controlled. Synthetic cannabinoids is reached by the Panamanian criminal definition of a drug, not by a national chemical annex. Article 324 of the Código Penal defines the criminal object for the whole drug chapter, and it does so functionally and by incorporation rather than by a closed national list: «droga es toda sustancia que produzca dependencia física o síquica, como los narcóticos, fármacos, estupefacientes y todos aquellos productos, precursores y sustancias químicas esenciales que sirven para su elaboración, transformación o preparación, de conformidad con las disposiciones legales en materia de salud, convenios y acuerdos internacionales vigentes en la República de Panamá.». The entry read for this row is «ADB-BUTINACA» in Schedule II of the 1971 Convention, member by member. The name sits in the other non-proprietary or trivial column of that schedule, with no international non-proprietary name beside it. It is not named in Resolución 200 of 2025, which is the national list of substances permitted for medical and scientific use. That is an absence from a medical permission list and not an absence from the offence. The class word is not an entry anywhere, and this row is resolved only through named members. Fourteen indazole and indole carboxamide members were read in the schedule under their own code names with registry numbers, and a compound not among them is not placed by belonging to the family.
Panama, Código Penal, Título IX, Capítulo V, articles 312 to 324, the drug chapter, with article 324 carrying the definition of droga · Texto Único of Ley 14 of 2007 updated to December 2020, published by the Órgano Judicial · organojudicial.gob.pa · cross-read against the Procuraduría General de la Nación Texto Único carrying amendments through Ley 70 of 2019, which agrees word for word on articles 312 to 324 · ministeriopublico.gob.pa · MINSA Resolución 200 of 26 September 2025, the Listado Oficial of substances permitted for medical and scientific use, which repeals Resolutions 410 of 2018, 691 of 2020, 782 of 2020 and 176 of 2021, published in Gaceta Oficial Digital 30388-A of 16 October 2025 · dnfd.minsa.gob.pa · placement read in the INCB Green List 36th edition of 2025, the schedules of the 1971 Convention · incb.org · the penalty figures, the citation of Ley 23 of 1986 with Ley 13 of 1994 and the citation of Decreto 25 of 16 January 2024 are carried forward from the live cell and not re-derived, except where this cell states a correction · every law the Órgano Judicial lists as amending the Penal Code after the December 2020 consolidation was checked and none touches articles 312 to 324 · the entry for this row was read at identification code PA 008 in that list, and the placement was decided by reading that line and not by a substring match on the name Synthetic cannabinoids · read as at 21 September 2026 · Verified September 21, 2026
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