Is Cannabis / THC legal in Czechia?

Also known as: weed, marijuana

Legal status

Cannabis is an omamná látka, a narcotic substance, in Czechia. Nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb. o seznamech návykových látek carries it at příloha č. 3, seznam č. 3 omamných látek, and the printed entry is „Konopí“, in the international non proprietary name column. It is printed in seznam č. 3 between „Ketobemidon“ and „Krotonylfentanyl“, and „Pryskyřice z konopí“, cannabis resin, has its own separate row a little below it. The note column carries an express carve out, „S výjimkou konopí pro léčebné použití uvedené v seznamu č. 1“, with the exception of cannabis for medical use listed in seznam č. 1, so the medical material is a different entry in a different list rather than a relaxation of this one. Seznam č. 1 separately carries „Konopí pro léčebné použití“, „Extrakt z konopí pro léčebné použití“, „Meziprodukt konopí pro léčebné použití“ and „Konopí extrakt a tinktura“, the last with its own one per cent tetrahydrocannabinol exception. The placement rests on that printed entry read in place together with the rows on either side of it, and not on a substring match or on family resemblance. This placement is read as those lists stand after nařízení vlády č. 107/2026 Sb. which is consolidated version 17 of the nařízení, in force from 25 June 2026, read at https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2013-463 on 21 September 2026.

Consequences if caught

Capital exposure: none. Article 6(3) of the Listina základních práv a svobod, ústavní zákon č. 2/1993 Sb. reads „Trest smrti se nepřipouští“, the death penalty is not permitted, so no Czech drug provision carries one. The ceiling that does run on this row is eight to eighteen years under § 283a odst. 8 of the Criminal Code, zákon č. 40/2009 Sb. the cannabis specific offence, and cannabis dealing is charged under § 283a rather than under § 283, whose base band is materially heavier. In the instrument this row has no chemical name column at all: the entry is the plant word itself with a note excluding cannabis for medical use, so what a Czech charge turns on is the material and its tetrahydrocannabinol content rather than a named molecule. On quantity, the live cell records the greater than small threshold for this row as 10 g of dry matter, and that figure is carried forward. The live cell further records that from 1 January 2026 adults aged 21 and over may grow up to 3 plants at home and keep up to 100 g at home and 25 g in public, that possession over 200 g remains a felony, and that there are no retail sales and no lawful cannabis clubs. Those permission figures are carried forward and were not re-derived in this pass. The criminal lines read from § 285 in this pass are different numbers and sit above them: § 285 odst. 1 bites on more than 5 cannabis plants, and § 285 odst. 2 on more than 200 g kept in one's dwelling or more than 50 g kept away from it. The fine is separate from every custodial band above. Holding no more than a small amount for personal use is an administrative misdemeanour rather than a crime, and the live cell records the penalty for that misdemeanour as a fine of up to CZK 15,000. Read in the consolidated Criminal Code, § 283 odst. 1 sets one to five years for unlawful production, import, offer, sale or holding for another, § 283 odst. 2 sets two to ten years for the first aggravated tier and § 283 odst. 4 sets eight to eighteen years for the gravest. Possession above a small amount for one's own use is § 284, up to two years at odst. 1, six months to five years at odst. 2 and two to eight years at odst. 3. Growing or processing a plant or fungus for one's own use, and other dealing with it for one's own use, is § 285, whose odst. 2 is cannabis possession at more than 200 g in the dwelling or more than 50 g away from it, and whose bands are up to six months at odst. 1 and odst. 2, up to three years at odst. 4 and six months to five years at odst. 5. Making, obtaining or holding a precursor or other object intended for unlawful manufacture is § 286, up to five years at odst. 1 and two to ten years at odst. 2. The live cell stated these as up to one year for cannabis and up to two years for other drugs under § 284, six months to five years under § 285, and one to ten years under § 283 rising to eighteen in aggravated cases, and those live figures are carried forward here beside the bands re-derived from the consolidated text. Those bands and that fine are set out here because the live cell carried them, and they describe the offences that this row's placement brings into play.

If prescribed or medical

The country level rule in Czechia is that a Schengen Article 75 certificate is evidential and administrative rather than the schedule itself, so producing one changes what a traveller can show and not where a substance sits. Attached to this row: Medical cannabis is a distinct entry rather than an exemption: „Konopí pro léčebné použití“ is in seznam č. 1, and the seznam č. 3 entry for konopí expressly excludes it, which is why a prescription route exists for the medical material and not for the seznam č. 3 entry.

Documentation

Carry any prescribed narcotic or psychotropic medicine in its original dispensing packaging with the prescription and a Schengen Article 75 certificate, and treat that certificate as proof of lawful carriage rather than as anything that alters a list. Medical cannabis has been available on prescription in Czechia since 2013, and the lists keep konopí pro léčebné použití in seznam č. 1 separate from the konopí entry in seznam č. 3. For this row the provenance is the entry „Konopí“ in seznam č. 3 with its note excluding cannabis for medical use, read together with the four cannabis rows in seznam č. 1.

Drug laws and enforcement change and vary within a country. This is not legal advice. Always confirm with Czechia’s embassy or official drug authority before traveling; penalties can be severe, including imprisonment.